LITERATURE 



349 



of the fair Burd Helen was guided by the enchanter 

 Merlin and accomplished the perilous task of rescuing 

 his sister. This is recited in the line "Childe Roland to 

 the dark tower came." quoted by Shakespere. Only a 

 fragment of the old ballad has been preserved. 



Buskin. Tragedy. The Greek tragic actors used 

 to wear a sandal some two or three inches thick, to 

 elevate their stature. To this sole was attached a very 

 elegant buskin. 



Buz-lu/. >er leant. Pickwick Papers* Dickens. 

 A pompous, chaffing lawyer, who bullies Mr. Pickwick 

 and the witnesses in the famous breach of promise suit, 

 Pickwick. 



Bylleld. A Now England parish the scene of an 



al novel by John Lewis Ewell. Here lived the 



ancestor of Longfellow, to whom the poet dedicated 



ilatie Blacksmith," himself a blacksmith, keeping 



his accounts in peculiar orthography. According to the 



deed of sale in 1681. the By field Indians got a larger 



price from the first English settlers than was paid tor 



Manhattan Island. 



( ih 1 1 i. The oral law of the Jews delivered down 

 from father to son by word of mouth. It is the usual 

 belief that God instructed Moses, and Moses his brother 

 Aaron, and so on from age to age. 



Cabali.stic Science. This science consists mainly 

 in understanding the combination of certain letters, 

 words, and numbers, said to be significant. 



< adme'an Victory. A victory purchased at great 

 expense of life. The allusion is to the armed men who 

 sprang out of the ground from the teeth of the dragon 

 sown by Cadmus. These men fell foul of each other, 

 and only five of them escaped death. 



( ai u^. l)o< tor. Merry Wives of Windsor. 

 "viaUespere. A physician in the comedy who adds 

 a touch of humor. He is most conspicuous as the lover 

 of Anne Page. 



Calandri'no. A simpleton frequently introduced 



accio's "Decameron"; expressly made to be 



befooled and played upon. His mishaps, as Macaulay 



states, "have made all Europe merry for more than four 



centuries," 



Ca'leb. (1) The enchantress who carried off St. 

 George in infancy. (2) A character in Dryden's satire 

 of "Absalom and Achitophel," meant for Lord Grey, one 

 of the adherents of the Duke of Monmouth. 



Ca'leb Quo'tem. A parish clerk or jack-of-all-trades. 

 in Coleman's play "The Review, or Ways of Windsor." 

 Coleman borrowed the character from ".Throw Physic to 

 the Dogs," an old farce. 



Cal'l-ban. A savage and deformed slave of Pros- 

 ioro m Shakespere's "Tempest." He is represented at* 

 being the "freckled whrlp" of Syoorax. a foul hag, who 

 was banished from Artier (or Algiers) to the desert 

 island afterward inhabited by Prospero. From his rude, 

 uncouth language we get the phrase "Caliban style," 

 "Caliban speech." meaning the coarsest possible use of 



Ul.pl-. 



Cal'l-dore. A knight in Spenser's "Faery Queen." 

 typical of courtesy, and said to be intended for a portrait 



: Philip Sidney. 



(a -I I- la. The name of a celebrated character in 

 Rowe's " Fair Penitent." 



Calllp'oliH, Battle of Alrazar. tti-or.:.- I'.. I.. 

 , tin- " Battle of Alcaxar." usi-d l>v Sir \\ al- 

 ter Scott and others as a synonym for lady-love, sweet- 

 9il \\alt-r always spells the word 

 <'.il!i|>"!i- liut 1'eele calls it Calipolis. 



- don. A fores! celebrated in the romances 

 ni: Arthur and Merlin. 



< am. i t.il/.i MI. HI. Prim -. \ ra l.i.in Mlils. One 



'ries of the Arabian Nicht.i and I he name of a 

 . I'm, cess of China, 

 KI\V her. 

 ( a-ni.i i tin. Non <>ni\ote. < vryantes. A charnc- 



ing made great preparations for 



vanished till it was again required. This story is begun 

 by Chaucer in the ".Squire's Tale," but was never 

 finished. 



Cam'e-Iot. A parish in Somersetshire. England 

 (now called Queen's Camel), where King Arthur is said 

 to have held his court. In this place there are still to 

 be seen vast intrenchments of an ancient town or station 

 called by the inhabitants "King Arthur's Palace." 



Ca'mille'. A member of the Parisian demimonde 

 and the heroine of a play dramatized from the novel of 

 "La Dame aux Camelias," by Alexander Dumas, the 

 younger. 



Can'a-ce. Faery Queen, Spenser. A paragon 

 among women, the daughter of King Cambuscan to 

 whom the King of the East sent as a present a mirror 

 and a ring. The mirror would tell the lady if any man 

 on whom she set her heart would prove true or false, and 

 the ring (which was to be worn on her thumb) would 

 enable her to understand the language of birds and to 

 converse with them. Can'ace was courted by a crowd 

 of suitors, but her brother gave out that anyone who 

 pretended to her hand must encounter him in single 

 combat and overthrow him. She ultimately married 

 Tri'amoncl, son of the fairy Ag'ape'. 



Can-dide'. The hero of Voltaire's novel so called. 

 i All sorts of misfortunes are heaped upon him, and he 

 bears them all with philosophical indiffer- 



Canl'idia. A sorceress, alluded to by Horace, who 

 could bring the moon from heaven. 



Candor, Mrs. A most energetic slanderer in Sheri- 

 dan's "School for Scandal." 



Ca'ora. Description of Guiana, Raleigh. A 

 river, on the banks of which are a people whose heads 

 grow beneath their shoulders. Their eyes are in their 

 shoulders, and their mouths in the middle of their 

 breasts. The original picture is found in Hakluyt's 

 "Voyages" 1598. 



Cap'u-let. The head of a noble Veronese house in 

 Shakespere's tragedy of "Romeo and Juliet." hostile 

 to the house of Montague. He is at times self-willed and 

 tyrannical, but a jovial and testy old man. 



Cap'u-let, Lady. The proud and stately wife of 

 Capulet. and mother of Juliet. 



Carad'oc. A Knight of the Round Table. -AlsK) in 

 history, the British chief whom the Romans called Carac- 

 tacus. Caradoc is the hero of an old ballad entitled 

 "The Boy and the Mantle." 



Carker. A scoundrelly clerk in Dickens's "Dombey 

 and Son." 



Car'ton, Sidney. A hero transformed by unselfish 

 love in Dickens's "Tale of Two Cities." He voluntarily 

 goes to the guillotine to save his successful rival in love. 



Car-ras'co, Sanson. A waggish bachelor of Sala- 

 manca, in Cervantes' romance, "Don Quixote." 



Cas'ca. Julius Caesar, Shakespere. A blunt- 

 wit tctl Roman, one of the conspirators against Julius 



i ia-i< 



.;tor to 



r'. hand, and overthrew all except I'ri'amond, 



ly. 



riia-lu. In the "Vnyaftf" of Marco Polo the 

 t y of the nn> 



i i. .i-. in . tar king identical with Genghis 



far East sent Cnmbuscan. a 

 of brass, which, between sunriw and sunset, would 

 to any spot on the earth." All that was 

 d was to whisper the name of the place m the 

 ear. mount up. r , his back, and turn a pin set in 

 . When the rider had arrived at the place re- 

 he had to turn another pm. and the horse in- 

 descended, and, with another screw of the pin, 



Cas-san'dra. A daughter of Priam, King of Troy, 

 gifted with the- power of prophecy; but Apollo, whom 

 she had offended, brought it to pass that no one believed 

 her predictions. Shakespere makes use of this character 

 in "Troilus and Cressida." 



Ca-sel'la. The name of a musician and old friend 

 of Dante, immortalized by him in his poem "La 

 Comni< 



Casslb'elan. Great-uncle to Cymbeline, in Shakes- 

 perc's play by that name. 



Cas sl-o. A Florentine and lieutenant of Othello. 



and a tool of lago, in Shakespere's tragedy of "Othello." 



lago made Cassio drunk, and then .--i <>n Roderi'go to 



ith him. Cassio wounded 



led Cassio. but lago induced Deademo'na to 



i his restoration. This interest in Can* 

 firmed the jealous rage of Othello to murder Desde- 

 mona and kill In: the death of Othello. 



Caasio was appointed governor of Cypreu*. 



Castle Dangerous. Doug- 



hs fatmlv. win, h uives its nut -f Sir \\:dt,r 



;dlord." It was so called by 



the English because it was always retaken from them 

 by the Douglas. 



Castle of Indolence. The title of a poem b* Thorn- 

 ton. and the name of a castle described m it as situated 

 in a pleasing land of drowsiness, where every win* * 

 steeped in the most luxurious and rnrn-aUncdtUpM. 



a picture of splendid, lustrous. 



< arnlle, M.-. KM|*nft. ' ' feigned nut 1 

 nartes of curtain Ircturwi dolivoml to hrr nOKMU 

 Caudle, who was a patient nuffrrer under titta form of 



' v I:,- w !. I: .,- r.al MrtfcOf of the*.- 



lectures was Douglas Jerrold. 



