350 



THE STANDARD DICTIONARY OF FACTS 



Cauline, Sir. The hero of an ancient English ballad ment." This is said to be a disguised recital of the 

 preserved in Percy's "Reliques." alleged murder of his nephews by Richard III. This is 



Cave of Mammon. The abode of the god of riches, the story as related in Percy's " Reliques." The master 

 described in the second book of Spenser's " Faery of Wayland Hall, Norfolk, on his deathbed left a little 

 Queen." j son, three years old. and a still younger daughter, named 



Cax'ton, Pi-sis'tra-tus. The hero of Bulwer Jane, to the care of his wife's brother. If the children 

 Lytton's novel "The Caxtons," and of its sequel "My I died before they came to their majority, their uncle \vas 

 Novel." to inherit their estate. After twelve months had elapsed, 



O-eil'ia, St. A patron saint of the blind, also pat- the uncle hired two ruffians to murder the two babes. As 



-" - "' -'"' ' " : * ~* *- ~ " they went along one of the ruffians relented, and killed 



his fellow: - 1 **-- 

 left them. 



roness of musicians, and "inventor of the organ 

 According to tradition, an angel fell in love with her for 

 her musical skill, and used nightly to visit her. A crown 



of martyrdom was bestowed lx>th upon her and her hus- 

 band. Dryden and Pope have written odes in her honor, 

 and both speak of her charming an angel by her musical 

 powers. 



( < d'ric. A Saxon thane in Scott's "Ivanhoe." 

 Ce'lia. Faery Queen, Spenser. (1) Mother of 

 Faith. Hope, and Charity. She was herself known as 

 Heavenliness and lived in the hospices Holiness. (2) 

 Celia, cousin to Rosalind in Shakespere's Comedy "As 

 You Like It." Celia is a common poetical name for a 



lady or a lady-love 

 Ceph'alus and Proc 



is. Cephalus was the husband 



of Procris. who, out of jealousy, deserted him. Cephalus 

 went in search of her. and rested awhile under a tree. 

 Procris discovered him, and crept through some bushes 

 to ascertain if a rival was with him. Cephalus heard 

 the noise and. thinking it to be made by some wild beast. 

 hurled his javelin into the bushes and slew Procris. 

 When the unhappy man discovered what he had done, 

 he slew himself in anguish of spirit with the same javelin. 

 This story is alluded to in "Pyramus and Thisbe," in 

 Shakespere's "Midsummer Night's Dream," where they 

 are humorously miscalled "Shafalus and Procus." 



Chad'band, The Rev. A clerical character in 

 Dickens' "Bleak House." He will always stand as a 

 type of hypocritical piety. 



Chan'ttcleer. The cock, in the tale of "Reynard 

 the Fox." and in Chaucer's "Nonne Prestes Tale." 



Charlemagne. The romance of Charlemagne and 

 his Paladins is of French origin, as the romances of 

 King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table is of 

 Celtic or Welsh origin. According to one tradition 

 Charlemagne is not dead, but waits crowned and armed, 

 in Odenberg, near Saltzburg, till the time of antichrist, 

 when he will wake up and deliver Christendom. Accord- 

 ing to another tradition, Charlemagne appears in seasons 

 of plenty. He crosses the Rhine on a golden bridge, 

 and blesses both corn-fields and vineyards. 



Char'mi-an. A kind-hearted but simple-minded 

 female attendant on Cleopatra in Shakespere's play of 

 "Antony and Cleopatra." 



Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. The plan of the 

 "Canterbury Tales" affords artistic scope for introducing 

 a company of pilgrims on their way to the shrine of 

 Thomas a Becket. It represents all classes of society 

 and presents a series of tales of great interest set in the 

 midst of beautiful descriptions of nature. The stories 

 best worth reading are: "The Clerk's Tale" (Griseldis); 

 "The Knight's Tale" (Palamon and Arcite); "The 

 Man of Law's Tale" (Constance); "The Prioress's 

 Tale " (Hugh of Lincoln) ; "The Priest's Tale " (Chanti- 

 cleer and Pertelote). 



Chery and_ Fair-Star. Countess d'Auluoy's 



then, putting down the children in a wood, 

 The poor babes gathered blackberries to 



allay their hunger, but died during the night, and "Robin 

 Redbreast" covered them over with strawberry leaves. 

 Addison says of the ballad referred to, that it is "one of 

 the darling songs of the common people." 



Chillingly, Kenelm. The hero in a novel by this 

 name by Buhver. 



Chin-gach/Kook. A sagamore of the Mohicans, and 

 father of L'ncas, in Cooper's "Leather-Stocking Tales." 



Chlo'e, Daphins and Chloe Longue. (1) The 

 shepherdess loved by Daphne. (2) "Paul and Vir- 

 ginia" by St. Pierre is founded on this romance. (3) 

 Chloe is also a shepherdess in Shakespere's "As You 

 Like It." 



Chce'reas. The lover of Callir'rhoe, in Cha'riton's 

 Greek romance. 



Chriemhild or Chriemhilde. The heroine of the 

 German epic poem, the " Nibelungen Lied." She is repre- 

 sented as a woman of the rarest grace and beauty, and 

 rich beyond conception. By the treacherous murder of 

 her husband she is transformed into a furious creature 

 of revenge. For plot of this epic cycle, see Kreimhild. 



Chris'ta-bel. (1) The subject and heroine of an 

 old romance by Sir Eglamour of Artois. (2) The hero- 

 ine of an ancient ballad "Sir Cauline." (3) The lady 

 in Coleridge's poem "Christabel." 



Chris'tlan. The hero of John Bunyan's allegory 

 "Pilgrim's Progress." He flees from the "City of De- 

 struction," and journeys to the "Celestial City." He 

 starts with a heavy burden on his back, but it falls off 

 when he stands at the foot of the cross. All his trials 

 on the way are depicted. 



Chrlstian'a. The wife of Christian, who started 

 with her children and Mercy from the "City of Destruc- 

 tion" forms the subject of Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Prog- 

 ress," part II. She was placed under the guidance of 

 Mr. Great-Heart, and met her husband at the Celestial 

 City. 



Christopher, St. The giant that carried a child 

 over a brook, and said, "Chylde, thou hast put me in 

 grete peryll. I might bere no greater burden." The 

 Chylde was the Christ and the burden was the "Sin of 

 the world." This has been a favorite theme for painters. 



Chris'tus, a Mystery. A dramatic triology by 

 Henry W. Longfellow: Part I, "Divine Tragedy." 

 Part II, "The Golden Legend"; Part III, "New Eng- 

 land Tragedies." 



Chrysalde. A character in Moliere's "L'Ecole des 

 Femmes " ; a friend of Arnolphe. 



Chrysale. An honest, simple-minded, hen-pecked 

 tradesman, in the same comedy by Moliere. 



Chuz'zle-wit, Martin. The hero of Dickens' novel 

 of the same name. 



Chuz'zle-wit, Jonas. A miser and a murderer, the 



Fairy Tales. Two children of royal birth, whom their opposite type of character from Martin, 

 father's brothers and their mother's sisters cast out | Cid Campeador is the name given in histories, 

 to sea: they are found and brought up by a Corsair and | traditions, and songs to the epic hero of Spain. So 

 his wife. Ultimately they are told of their birth by a ' greatly was he honored that he was called "Mio Cid el 



" ' " my lord the champion ~u~- -' *-- 



green bird and marry each other. A similar tale is 

 found in "The Arabian Nights." 



Cheer'y-ble Brothers, The. A firm of benevolent 

 London merchants in Dickens' "Nicholas Nickleby." 



Chev'y Chase. The subject and the title of an 

 famous old English ballad. The event which is com- 

 memorated is probably the battle of Otterburn, which 

 happened in August, 1388, but it is impossible to recon- 

 cile the incidents of the poem with history. 



Chib'iabas. The musician in Longfellow's "Hia- 

 watha," personifying harmony in nature. 



Childe Harold. Childe, so often used in old 

 English ballads, is a title of honor as "Childe Harold," 

 "Childe of Ellechilde Waters," "Childe Roland," "Childe 

 Tristram," "Childe Arthur," etc. In Byron's poem 

 "Childe Harold," the "Childe" is the poet himself 

 represented as a man, sated of the world roaming from 

 place to place. In canto I., he visits Portugal and 

 Spain; in canto II., Turkey in Europe; in canto III., 

 Belgium and Switzerland; and in canto IV., Venice, 

 Rome, and Florence. 



Children in the Wood. Two characters in an 

 ancient and well-known ballad entitled "The Children 

 in the Wood, or The Norfolk Gent's Last Will and Testa- 



Campeador," my lord the champion. Relics of the 

 "Blessed Cid," as he is still called in Spain, such as his 

 sword, shield, banner, and drinking-cup, are still held in 

 great reverence by the populace. The numerous "Cid 

 Romances" that were first published in the Sixteenth 

 Century, contain the most romantic improbabilities con- 

 cerning the life and deeds of the "Cid." The most in- 

 teresting chronicle of the "Cid" for English readers was 

 written by Robert Southey. 



Cim-me'ri-ans. A people described by Homer 

 dwelling "beyond the ocean-stream," in a land where 

 the sun never shines. 



Cinderella. Heroine of a fairy tale. She is the 

 drudge of the house, while her elder sisters go to fine balls. 

 At length a fairy enables her to go to the prince's ball; 

 the prince falls in love with her, and she is discovered by 

 means of a glass slipper which she drops, and which will 

 fit no foot but her own. She is represented as returning 

 good for evil and heaping upon her half-sisters every 

 kindness a princess can show. 



Ci-pan'go. A marvelous island, described in the 

 " Voyages "of Marco Polo, the Venetian traveler. It is 

 represented as lying in the eastern seas, some 1,500 miles 

 from land, and of its beauty and wealth many stories. 



