LITERATURE 



351 



are related. Columbus and early navigators made a 

 diligent search for this island. 



Claris Ada. The wife of Carstone. and one of the 

 most important characters in Dickens' "Bleak House." 



Clem'en-ti'na, The Lady. A beautiful and accom- 

 plished woman, deeply in love with Sir Charles Grandi- 

 .-"ii. in Richardson's novel of this name. 



Clifford, Paul. An attractive highwayman and an 

 interesting hero in Bulwer's novel by the same name. 

 He is familiar with the haunts of low vice and dissipation, 

 but afterward is reformed and elevated by the power of 



Clinker, Humphrey. The hero of Smollett's novel 

 entitled, "The Expedition of Humphrey Clinker," a 

 philosophic youth who meets many adventures. 

 Brought up in the work-house, put out by the parish as 

 apprentice to a blacksmith, he was afterward employed 

 as a hostler's assistant. Having been dismissed from 

 the stable, and reduced to great want, he at length 

 attracts the notice of Mr. Bramble, who takes him into 

 his family as a servant. He becomes the accepted lover 

 mifred Jenkins, and at length turns out to be a 

 natural >n of Mr. Bramble. 



( lo ten. A rejected lover of Imogen, in Shakespere's 

 i "Cymbeline." 



( lorin'da, Jerusalem Delivered, Tasso. do- 

 rim la, the heroine of this poem, is represented as an 

 /on inspiring the most tender affection in others, 

 especially in the Christian chief Tancred; yet she is 

 If susceptible of no passion but the love of military 

 fame. 



(lout. Colin. A name that Spenser applies to him- 

 self in the " Faery Queen " and "Shepherd's Calendar." 

 Colin Clout also is introduced into Gay's pastorals. 



( I eh-. The hero of a novel by Hannah More, 

 M Co?lebs in Search of a Wife." 



Col-lean', May. The heroine of a Scottish ballad. 



( olo-ne. The Three Kings of. A name given to 

 the three magi who visited the infant Saviour, and whose 

 bodies are said to have been brought by the Empress 

 Helena from the East to Constantinople, whence they 

 were transferred to Milan. Afterward, they were 

 removed to Cologne and placed in the principal church 

 of the city, where, says Cressy, "they are to this day 

 celebrated with great veneration." Their names are 

 commonly said to be Jaspar, Melchior, and Balthazar. 



< omedy of Errors. Shakespere. Twin brothers 

 of exact likeness named Antipnolus are served by 

 attendant slaves named Dromio also of striking resem- 

 blance. The humor of the play lies in the complications 

 that arise. The two brothers are lost at sea with their 

 servants and are picked up by different vessels. After 

 loinj separation they all reappear in Kphesus. There is 

 great entanglement of plot until both brothers face 

 each other in a trial before the duke and all is explained. 



( o runs. In Milton's poem entitled "Comus: a 

 Masque." he is represented as a base enchanter, who 

 ivors. but in vain, to beguile and entrap the innocent 

 by means of his enchantments. 



< on-iielo. The heroine of George Sand's novel of 



ime name, an impersonation of noble purity sus- 



it temptations. 



( o-phet ii-. i. An imaginary African king, of whom 



a legendary ballad told that he fell m love with a beggar 



: and married her. This ballad is found in Percy's 



'my poets have made use of the story. 



yson has given us a modern version in "The Beggar 



( op per-fleld, David. The hero of Dickens' novel 

 same nam< -aid to lie Dickens 1 favorite 



mewhat autobiographic. 



< onlr'lla. Kin* Irf-ar. Shakespere. The young- 

 est of Lear's three daughters, and the one that truly loved 

 him. 



-don. A shepherd in one of the " Idyl? . 



and one of the Eclogues of Virgil. Used by 



ere and later poets to designate a rustic swain. 



< "- tard. A clown, in Shakespere's "Love's Lab* 



who apes the display of wit and misapplies, in 

 the most ridiculous manner, the phrases and modes of 

 ii in argument that were then in 



>mt>mation m argument t nat were then in vogue. 

 < ,,\ rr-l. \ . ir Roger. One of the members of 



imaginary Hub un<ler whose direction the Spectat 

 was professedly edited. 



Spectator " 

 He was a kind-hearted, simple- 



Crea'kle, Mr. A tyrannical and cruel school- 

 master in Dickens' "David Copperfield." 



( i. - si-da. The heroine of Shakespere's play, 

 "Troilus and Cressida," also the heroine of one of Chau- 

 cer's "Canterbury Tales." 



Croaker. A character in Goldsmith's comedy, 

 "The Good-natured Man." 



Crum'mles, Vincent. A theatrical head of a theat- 

 ! rical family in Dickens' "Nicholas Nickleby." 



Cru'soe, Rob'in-son. The hero of De Foe's great 



novel ; a ship-wrecked sailor who for many years leads 



i a solitary existence on an uninhabited island of the 



tropics, where he employed the most admirable ingenuity 



in providing for his daily wants. 



Cuneiform Letters. Wedge-shaped letters which 

 occur in old Persian and Babylonian inscriptions. This 

 is probably the oldest form of writing. 



Cym'bellne. A mythical king of Britain and the 

 hero of Shakespere's play of the same name. Imogen, 

 daughter of Cymbeline, king of Britain, married clan- 

 destinely Posthumus Leonatus; and Posthumus, 

 being banished for the offense, retired to Rome. Ona 

 day, in the house of Philario, the conversation turned 

 on the merits of wives, and Posthumus bet his diamond 

 ring that nothing could .tempt the fidelity of Imogen. 

 Through the villainy of lachimo Cymbeline was forced 

 to believe Imogen untrue. The villainy was in time dis- 

 closed and the beautiful character of Imogen revealed. 



Cut'tle. Captain. A character in Dickens' "Dombey 

 and Son, good-humored, eccentric, pathetic in his 

 simple credulity. 



Day'onet, Sir. In the romance "Le Mort d'Arthur" 

 he is called the fool of King Arthur. 



Dal-gPt'ty, Rittma-ter Dugald. A soldier of 

 fortune in Sir Walter Scott's "Legend of Montrose," 

 distinguished for his pedantry, conceit, valor, vulgar 

 assurance, knowledge of the world, greediness, and a 

 hundred other qualities, making him one of the most 

 amusing, admirable, and natural characters ever drawn 

 by the hand of genius. 



Dam'o-oles, a flatterer in the court of Dionysius of 

 Syracuse. By way of answer to his constant praises 

 of the happiness of kings, Dionysius seated him at a 

 royal banquet, with a sword hung over his head by a 

 single horsehair. In the midst of his magnificent ban- 

 quet, Damocles, chancing to look upward, saw a sharp 

 and naked sword suspended over tiis head. A sight 

 so alarming instantly changed his views of the felicity 

 of kings. The phrase signifies now evil foreboding or 

 dread, a tantalizing torment. 



Da'mon and Py'thias, or Phl'ntlas, two noble 

 Tythagoreans of Syracuse, who have been remembered 

 as models of faithful friendship. Pythias having been 

 condemned to death by Dionysius. the tyrant ol Syra- 

 I cuse. begged to be allowed to go home, for the purpose 

 of arranging his affairs, Damon pledging his own life 

 for the reappearance of his friend. Dionysius con- 

 sented. and Pythias returned just in time to save Damon 

 from death. Struck by so noble an example of mutual 

 affection, the tyrant pardoned Pythias, and desired to 

 be admit te<l into their sacred fellowship. 



Dandle Dinmont. A jovial, t rue-hearte.1 -r,. re- 

 farmer. in Sir Walter Scott's "Guy Mannering." 



Dantes'que. 1 'ante-like that is, a minute life- 

 like representation of the infernal horrors, whether by 

 words, as in the j>et. or in visible form, as in Dorl's 

 illustrations of the "Inferno." 



Daph nis and Chlo'e. A pair of lovers in the 

 pastoral romance of the same name written by Ixingus 

 m < .reek prose in the 1 mirth Century. 



Darby and Joan. A married couple said to have 

 lived, more than a century ago. in the village of Hea- 

 laugh. in the West Hiding of Yorkshire, and celebrated 

 for their long life and conjugal felicity. They are the 

 hero and heroine of a ballad called >f The I i 

 Couple." which has been attributed to Prior, but is of 

 uncertain authorship. Timnerlcy says that Darby wa* 

 a printer in Bartholomew Close, who died in 1730. and 

 that the ballad was written by one of his apprentices 

 by the name of Henry Woodfalf. 



Da' res. ( ' 1 ore at t he funeral gam 



in Sicily, described in the fifth book of 



mind, type of an English Squire in the t 

 Anne. He figures in thirty papers of the "Spectator." 

 Crabtne. A character in Smollett's nov 1 



( r .m, .. i, habod. The name of a Yankee school - 

 whose adventures are related in the l**end of 

 Irving'* "Sketch-book." 



< r.iu 1. \ . K.iurlon. The huntmnd of Herky Sharp 

 nr." Thackeray'* novel without a hero. 



emoved to Meoevia, in Pembrokeshire, 



Drydn7 < saUr? 1 called "Absalom and 

 pnMoU Charlw II.; Absalom, hi* beau- 



" David. in 



el." repnMoU arw .; saom, * eau- 

 t.ful but rebellious ion, rapfwmuttwDukeof ftkonmouth. 

 \ l\.. Mi ikcMprrr. The 



l>.,\ x . II. nr\ IN .. -b ik< p< r. . 



,..< I.T simlli.n . Who no identities h.m-rlf with hi* master 

 that ha considers tiimMJI half host half variet. Thus 



