LITERATURE 



367 



Libations. With the prayers among all ancient 

 peoples were usually joined the libations, or drink 

 offerings. These consisted generally of wine, part of 

 which was poured out in honor of the gods, and part of 

 it drunk by the worshiper. The wine must be pure, 

 and offered in a full cup. Sometimes there were liba- 

 f water, of honey, of milk, and of oil. 



Unlit of the Harem. Name given to the bride of 

 Selim in the poem Lalla Rookh. She was the Sultana 

 Nour'mahaT, afterwards called Nourjeham ("light of the 

 world"). 



l.iireia. Written by Poe. Suggested by a dream 

 in which the eyes of the heroine produced the wonderful 

 effect described in the story. Its theme is the conquest 

 h through the power of will. 



promi 



living 



I mmi rians. A congregation of missionary priests, 



1 also Redem] 

 Alphonsus. 



iptorists. founded in 1732, by St. 



Lilli-Burle'ro. A song with the refrain of " Lilli- 

 burlero, bullen-a-la! " was written by Lord Wharton, 

 contributed much to the great revolution of 1688. 

 The whole army, and at last the people, both in city and 

 country, sang it perpetually. The words are also said 

 to have been used as a sort of war-cry during the perse- 

 cution of the Protestants by the Irish Papists in 1641. 



Lllliput. An imaginary country described in 

 "Gulliver's Travels," where an ordinary man becomes 

 a great giant beside the small people of the land. Lilli- 

 in used to designate small ways of expressing malice 

 <>r iealousy. Among amusing characters in J.illiput 

 land were the Little-Kndians and Big-Endians who 

 made up two religious factions, which waged incessant 

 war on the subject of the right interpretation of the 

 fifty-fourth chapter of the " Blun'decral": "All true 

 believers break their eggs at the convenient end." The 

 godfather of Calin, the. reigning Emperor of Lilliput, 

 happened to cut his finger while breaking his egg at the 

 big end, and therefore commanded all faithful Lilli- 

 putians to break their eggs in future at the small end. 

 The Blefuscudians called this decree rank heresy, and 

 dstennined to exterminate the believers of such an 

 abominable practice from the face of the earth. Hun- 

 dreds of treatises were published on both sides, but each 

 empire put all those books opposed to its own views into 

 the "Index Expurgatorius," and not a few of the more 

 zealous sort died as martyrs for daring to follow their 

 private judgment in the matter. 



Limbo. A place where the souls of good men not 



admitted into heaven wait the general resurrection. A 



.:ir place exists for the souls of unbaptized children. 



^till another Limbo is a Fool's Paradise, a place for all 



nonsense. This old superstitious belief has been used 



and Milton in their poems. 



I .id -rati. Men of letters, scholars of note. 



Lit liu<>\\ '-. Itouer. A favorite residence of the kings 

 and queens of Scotland, especially of Mary of Guise; 

 an'1 here the unfortunate Mary Queen of Scots was born 



Little Brother. An appellation made popular 

 ..'h the tale bearing the name. Josiah Flynt ran 

 away from home when he was three years old and had 

 been doing it frequently ever after. His first piece of 

 H was naturally based on trampdom. His hero is a 

 boy-tramp, a little fellow whose irre-i-tihle impulse to 

 view the great world around him causes him to become 

 a "Prushun" to an old inhabitant of Hoboland. Hi- 

 wished people to see where a number of stray boys land. 

 for he had found out that a great many of the so-called 

 oiingstera are in reality simple runaways 



i>eraments. 



l.inl. < MI/.-II-. i ten in a New York school 



teacher's stories <>f i.>-i I ..-i -t Side .! i-h < :,;ii:-. -. Human 

 nature and American t iddi*h dialect are alike faithfully 



I. ml. Dot lit. heroine and title of n novel 1>\ 



Dorrit was born and brought up ' the 



Marshalsea prison, where her father was confined for 



Little .loim. \ l fellow, named John 



Little, who encountered i;i>m iii..i. ami i-a\- him a 

 ! \\hich he wax rsehristspsd, anl 

 tile John i- introduced by 

 >lter Scott in ".The Talisman. 

 i.nti. Masters* ' i.i.hcd to re t 



and Seve, 



Called little because their designs were on a small scale. 

 i>per or wood. The roost famous are Jost 



minuteness of hi- 



who made drawing* in wood illustrative of the triumph 

 <>f the l.mperor Maximilian; Hart* Sebald lie 



:t Altdorfer, and Henrich Aldrgravcr. Albert 

 Dnrer MIK! Lucas van Leyden brought the art into notice 

 became popular. 



Little Nell. Old Curiosity Shop, Dickons. The 



eminent character of the story, pure and true, though 

 iving in the midst of selfishness and crime. She was 

 brought up by her grandfather/ who was in his dotage, 

 and who tried to eke out a narrow living by selling 

 curiosities. At length, through terror of Quilp, the old 

 man and his grandchild stole away, and led a vagrant 

 life. 



Llewel'Iyn. A legendary Welsh prince who, on return- 



I ing from hunting, found his baby boy missing and his 



i favorite greyhound. CJelert. covered with blood. Think- 



{ ing that the hound had eaten him, he killed it. But, 



' on searching more carefully, the child was found alive 



under the cradle clothes, and near him the body of a 



huge wolf which had been killed by the faithful hound. 



Lochiel. Is the title of the head of the clan Cameron. 



Loehinvar'. A young Highlander, in the poem of 

 Marmion, was much in love with a lady whose fate was 

 decreed, that she should marry a "laggard." Young 

 Loehinvar persuaded the too-willing lassie to be his 

 partner in a dance; and while the guests were intent 

 on their amusements, swung her into his saddle and 

 made off with her before the bridegroom could recover 

 from his amazement. 



Locksley. So Robin Hood is sometimes called, 

 from the village in which he was born. 



Locksley Hall. A poem by Tennyson, in which 

 the hero, the lord of Locksley Hall, having been jilted 

 by his cousin Amy for a rich boor, pours forth his feelings 

 in a flood of scorn and indignation. The poem is under- 

 stood to have been occasioned by a similar incident in 

 the poet's own life, but this has been questioned. 



Ixu-rin, or Locrine. Father of Sabri'na. and eldest 

 son of the mythical Brutus. King of ancient Britain. On 

 the death of his father he became King of Loe'gria. 



Ix>egria or Lo'gres. England is so called by Geoffrey 

 of Monrnouth, from Logrine, eldest son of the mythical 

 King Brute. 



Ixigogriph. Among the French, a kind of riddle. 

 which consists in some elision or mutilation of words; 

 it may be defined as being between an enigma and a rebw. 



Logos. This word, as occurring at the beginning of 

 the gospel of St. John, was early taken to refer to the 

 "second person of the Trinity, i. e., Christ." Yet the 

 precise meaning of the Apostle, who alone makes use of 

 the term in this manner, and only in the introductory 

 part of his gospel; whether he adopted the symboliting 

 usage in which it was employed by the various schools 

 i of his day; which of their differing significations he had 

 in view, or whether he intended to convey a meaning 

 quite peculiar to himself; these are some of the innu- 

 merable questions to which the word has given rise, and 

 which, though most fiercely discussed ever since the first 

 !a\- of Chri-tianity, are far from having found a satis- 

 factory solution. 



Ix> lien-grin. The Knight of the Swan: the hero 

 of a romance by Wolfram von Eschenbach. a German 

 minnesinger of the Thirteenth Century, and also of a 

 modern music drama by Richard Wagner. He was the 

 : i'.u-ival. and came to Brabant in a ship drawn 

 by a white swan, which took him away again when his 

 bride, disobeying 1m injunction, pressed him to discover 

 his name and parentage. 



Ix>rd Linllthgow. A character growing into favor 

 and while it .toes not prove that the end justifies the 

 means, certainly suggests that the "means" may be 

 e\cu-ed if sufficiently prominent men -auction them. 

 In hi- de-ire ' and incidentally him-elt. 



this Lord blackmails a man. but. when the party chief 

 rewards the blackmailer by a seat in parliament, it 

 seemed reasonable, that the Ion! should once 



hold up his head in society as one who had quite regained 

 a possibly lost self-esteem. To the psrplexrd ].. 

 -u< h a hope as this is offered: "If it i- not easy to be 

 quite nod, it i- bnpOSSihll to l>e wholly bad." 

 UnlithfOW" has value m giving " up-t,.-dntr Rlimiwe 

 of political life m England. \\ hen an indignant moralist 

 recently ventured to |N.int out Mr. (Veil Uhodea's defici- 



Mi Kipht.r rejoined \\ !>y. man. but he is 

 building an empire! " . Morley Roberts.) 



Mton has a poem called "The 



item." a net of islanders who live in a dreamy 

 idleness, weary of life, and regardless of all its Mirnng 



i ,,x,- ii,,. i v 



edy by v .Unit the year 1606. Lucindn, 



the daughter of flgsnftff'K is in low. and (ho father calls 



to con-nit u|M>n the nature of her malady. 



H..-X KM ti | ).,-,, ,.,< ,,- M ' BMH lOftfC* '"" 



:,Ik a!,,-ut IVar - ,!,<.,. t!,;r risH, bottl E lOpsVl of 



the day; and when th. 



thev havn frnif I. they nil prescribe different 



MM! ptom EBsnri tpssioag, tMta 



