LITERATURE 



385 



mythological traditions, moral maxims, or rules of 

 poetry disposed in groups of three. 



Trim, Corporal. Uncle Toby's attendant, in 

 novel, "The Life and Opinions of Tristram 

 Shandy, Gent." distinguished for his fidelity and affec- 

 tion, his respectfulness, and his volubility. 



Iris tram. Sir. One of the most celebrated heroes 

 of mediaeval romance. His adventures form an episode 

 in the history of Arthur's Court, and are related by 

 Thomas the Rhymer, as well as by many romancists. 



Trot 'wood. Itrts, >. l.i\id (oppertield. Dickens. 



A great-aunt to David whose daily trial seemed to be 



A dozen times a day would she rush on 



n before her house to drive off the donkeys and 



vs. She was a most kind-hearted woman. 



ued her tenderness under a snappish manner. 



Miss Betsey was the true friend of David Copperfield. 



Troiiii;|ours ,. re minstrels of Southern France in! 



!.. Twelfth, and Thirteenth Centuries. They ! 



e first to discard Latin and use the native tongue 



m their compositions. Their poetry was either about 



1 gallantry, or war and chivalry. In Northern 



y were called Trouveres and the language 



employed was the Walloon. The troubadours were 



held in high esteem by the Court in England. They 



furnished literature for the readers, and so wielded 



influence over English thought and language. 

 Trovalore. II Trovatorc. Verdi. This opera; 

 is founded on a drama belonging to the Fifteenth Cen- 

 tury. The story is that Trovatore. or the Troubadour, is 

 "M, the supposed son of a gypsy but really a brother 

 to the count. The princess Leono ra falls in love with 

 the troubadour, but the count is about to put .Manrico 

 ath. when Leonora intercedes on his behalf, and 

 promises to give herself to him if he will spare her lover. 

 The count consents; but while he goes to release his cap- 

 l.eonoru kills herself by sucking poison from a ring, 

 i Manrico discovers this sad calamity, he dies 



Tuck. Friar. Ivanlioe. Scott. The father-con- 

 fessor of Robin Howl and connected with Fountain's 

 Abbey. He is represented as a clerical FalstafT, very fat 

 elf-indulgent, very humorous, and somewhat c< 

 tress was a russet habit of the Franciscan order. 

 He was sometimes girt with a rope of rushes. Friar 

 Tuck also appears in the "Morris dance" on May- 



:iv. 



Tur 



v y-drop. Bleak House, Dickens. A con- 

 : dancing-master, who imposes on the world by his 

 majestic appearance and elaborate toilette. He is repre- 

 sented as living upon the earnings of his son, who has ! 

 -t slavish reverence for him as a perfect "master of 



merit." 



I \\.iftli Night, a drama by Shakespere. The story ; 

 is said to have come from a novelette written early in the 

 nth Century. A brother and sister, twins, are 

 shipwrecked. Viola dressed like her brother be< 

 page to the duke Orisino. The duke was in love with 

 i. and as the lady looked coldly on his suit, he sent 

 to advance it, but the wilful Olivia, instead of 

 ng towards the duke, fell in love with his beautiful 

 pace. Sebastian, the t win-brother of Viola, was at tacked 

 in a street brawl before Olivia and thinking him to be 

 ik'eshe invited him in. 1 he result was the marriage 

 of Sebastian to Olivia ami the duke to Viola. 



TwIce-loM I. il.-. This name was given by the! 



Nathaniel Hawthorne, to the tales included 



under its title, because some of them had been already 



and ot her periodicals. Theyare 



i. and though in prose form are the work of a 

 The tales are nearly all American m subject but 



treated from the spiritual rather than the practical side. 



I u o . ni Ii mi n , ,! \ era M.I, a drama by H.akeepere. 



the story of which is taken from the ' Monir 



'niurv ). The plot resembles that of 



Twelfth Night, on Julia, disguised as a page, is a prom inent 



I ii.il d... Jerusalem Dellven d. I ., . 

 the older crusaders, who had visited many region-* II.- 

 and Charles the Dane went to bring back Rinaldo from 

 the enchanted castle. 



i i.-. i.. Don Quixote, Cervantes. A noted artist 

 day painted a pi. tun. but was obliged to write 

 i e..rk." m order that the spectator 

 might know what wan intended to be represci 



\ tin. Tale* of il, <., nil. Kldhv. 

 rees. who had no j. ..,-: over thorn who remained fnith- 

 \ilah ami their duty: but if anv fell into elTOr or 



had full p.. wer to do as she bk.-. I Thus, when 

 mi-trusted the protection of 

 Allah. -iied him into a toad. 



I l-rl , a. 



ITtlma Thule. The extremity of the world; the 

 most northern point known to the ancient Romans. 

 Pliny and others say it is Iceland. 



U'na. Faerie Queen, Spenser. The personifica- 

 tion of truth. She goes, leading a lamb and riding on a 

 white ass. to the court of Gloriana. to crave that one of 

 her knights might undertake to slay the dragon which 

 kept her father and mother prisoners. The adventure 

 is accorded to the Red Cross Knight. Being driven by 

 a storm into " Wandering Wood," a vision is sent to the 

 knight, which causes him to leave Una and she goes in 

 search of him. In her wanderings a lion becomes her 

 attendant. After many adventures, she finds St. George. 

 "the Red Cross Knight." but he is severely wounded. 

 Una takes him to the house of Holiness, where he is care- 

 fully nursed, and then leads him to Eden. 



Uncle Tom. Uncle Tom's Cabin, Stowe. Mrs. 

 A negro slave of unaffected piety, and most faithful in 

 the discharge of all his duties. His master, a humane 

 man, becomes embarrassed in his affairs, and sells him 

 to a slave-dealer. After passing through various hands, 

 and suffering intolerable cruelties, he dies. 



Underground Railroad, The. A popular embodi- 

 ment of the various ways in which fugitive slaves from 

 the Southern States of the American Union were assisted 

 in escaping to the North, or to Canada; often humor- 

 ously abbreviated U. G. R. R. 



In dine. In French fable a water-nymph, who was 

 exchanged for the young child of a fisherman living near 

 an enchanted forest. One dav. Sir Huldbrand took 

 shelter in the fisherman's hut, fell in love with Undine, 

 and married her. By marrying a mortal she obtained 

 a soul, and with it all the pains and penalties of the hu- 

 man race. 



Ur'fran. Lady of the Lake, Scott. A human child 

 stolen by the king of the fairies, and brought up in elf- 

 land. He said to Alice Brand (the wife of Lord Rich- 

 ard), "if any woman will sign my brow thrice with a 

 I shall resume my proper form." Alice signed him 

 thnce. and Urgan became at once "the fairest knight in 

 all Scotland," and Alice recognised in him her own 

 brother Ethert. 



Urgan'da. In the romance of "Amadis de Gaul," 

 a powerful fairy sometimes appearing in all the terrors 

 of an evil enchantress. 



U'ther. Son of Cpnstans. one of the fabulous or 

 legendary kings of Britain, and the father of Arthur 



t'to'pia. The name of an imaginary island described 

 in the celebrated work of Sir Thomas More, in which 

 was found the utmost perfection in laws, politics, and 

 social arrangements. More's romance obtained a wide 

 popularity, and the epithet "Utopian" has since been 

 applied to all schemes for the improvement of society 

 which are deemed not practicable 



Val'cii-n,,, . n One of the heroes in the old ro- 

 mance of "Valentine and Orson." which is of uncertain 

 age and authorship. (2) One of the "Two Gentlemen of 

 Verona," in Shakespere's play of that name. (3) A 

 gentleman attending on the Duke in Shakespere's 

 Ifth Night." < l> one of the characters in Goethe's 

 " He is a brother of Margaret. 



Vale 'r Ian or Vall'rlan. Canterbury Tales. Chau- 

 cer. The husband <>f St. Cecilia. Cecilia told him she 

 was beloved by an angel, who constantly visited her; 

 and Valirian requested to see this visitant (V. iha re- 

 plied that he should do no. if he went to Pope Urban to 

 be baptised. Thin he did. and on returning home the 

 angel gave him a crown of lilies, and to Cecilia a crown of 

 roses, both from the garden of paradise. 



Valley of Mumii, .,.,,,,,. IM^MM.-S Progress, 

 Bunyan. The place where ( I intern! ApoU- 



yon. just before he came to the " Valley of the Shadow 

 of Death." 



Van in l-'alr. Hk rim's Pmcim*. Bun > -in. \ 



fair established l.y IWI/ebub. .\, M ,||yon. and Legion, for 

 the sale of all sorts of vanities. It was held intbe town 

 of Vanity, and lasted all the year round. Here were sold 

 houses, lands, trades, honors, titles, kingdoms, and all 

 sorts of pleasures and delight. Christian and Faithful 

 1 had to pass through the fair. 



to the first 



. . W . . I K I ' i 



(See Sedley.) 



>v. The Chimes, Dlrkrns. A 

 r who went on errandu and bore the nickname 

 ir's Eve he had s nightmare and 



fan, !.-.! h. 



/inn. I. Mnd ti, ,> ,-.. i.lins issued out* the bells. He was 



. . r :.-:,- 



the new year. 



\.d... ..* ancient Sanscrit 



work he tint period of the religious belief of 



the I i 



