BIOGRAPHY 



439 



but. in 1877, upon the khedive's earnest solicitation, 

 he went out once more to the Soudan, afterwards serv- 

 ing his own government for a time in India and in South 

 Africa. In January, 1884, he accepted from the king 

 of the Belgians the command of the anti-slavery expe- 

 dition which was about to be dispatched to the region 

 of the Congo; but. before he could set out, he was 

 offered by the English Government, and accepted, a 

 uission to go again to the Soudan, on the enter- 

 which ultimately cost him his life. Died, January 

 26. 1885. 



Gorky. Maxim, a Russian Zola, whose works have 

 force, whose spirit is embittered by his hard life 

 aa a worker on the Volga and in Russian bakehouses, 

 ami by his imprisonment as a political offender in 1905. 

 "In 1878, I was apprenticed to a shoemaker; 1879, I 

 was apprenticed to a designer; 1880, scullion on board 

 a packet boat; 1883. I worked for a baker; 1884, I 

 :ne a porter; 1885, baker; 1886, chorister in a 

 tn>u(>e of strolling opera players; 1887, I sold apples in 

 the street; 1888, I attempted to commit suicide; 1890, 

 ist in a lawyer's office; 1891, I crossed Russia on 

 1892. I was a laborer in the workshops of a rail- 

 way. In the same year I published my first story." 

 C.ould, George Jay, capitalist; born in New York, 

 lary 6. 1864; private education; president and 

 tor of Missouri Pacific Railway since May 10, 1893, 

 Texas & Pacific Railway Company since 1893, Inter- 

 ;ial & Great Northern Railroad Company since 

 Little Rock Junction Railway since 1888, Man- 

 hattan Railway Company since 1892, St. Louis, Iron 

 :thern Railway Company since 1893, 

 Arkansas Mir Hand Railway, Kansas City Northwestern 

 Railroad Company, Kansas & Arkansas Valley Railway, 

 Sedalia, Warsaw & Southwestern Railway Company, 

 Weatherford, Mineral wells & Northwestern Railway; 

 chairman board of directors of Wabash Railroad Com- 

 . Denver & Rio Grande Railroad Company, Rio 

 le Western Railway Company; vice-president and 

 director of Western Union Telegraph Company, Rio 

 le Southern Railroad, Kansas City Southern Rail- 

 Company; director Chicago, Burlington & Quincy 



>ad Company, Chicago & Alton Railway Company, 

 I nion Pacific Railroad Company, Southern Pacific 



i'uny. Equitable Life Assurance Society of United 

 States, National Bank of Commerce, National Surety 

 Company, Mercantile Trust Company, Colorado Fuel & 

 In. n Company, Colorado Midland Railway Company. 

 Oregon Short Line Railroad Company, Pacific Mail 

 iship Company, American District Telegraph 

 my, and numerous other corporations. 

 lid, Helen Miller, born in New York, June 20, 

 f late Jay and Helen Day (Miller) Gould ; 

 tied with benevolent work; gave United States 

 nment .liMi.(HHi at beginning of war with Spain; 

 active member Women's National War Relief Associa- 

 tive freely to it.s work; at Camp WikofT made 

 <>f sick and convalescent soldiers her personal care, 

 and gave $50.000 for needed supplies. 



mod. ( hail.- I i.imnix, French comp 



born in Paris in 1818, and educated at the Conservatoire 



under Halevy and / i in merman n, whose daughter he 



married in 1847. In !*:. he named the prize for eom- 



1. after visiting Rome and Vienna, became 



am.st m I'M ii 1M., a high mass by him 



attraeted attention. "Sappho." his first opera, was 



prod ui -ed in ix.'ii. and the .-on, poser was soon after ap- 



IMHII'. -ter some minor 



mat" appeared in l.S'iD. being brought out at 



lie" followed in 1SIJ4. and 



in ls>7. Of his later works the 



nre ".Ii-anne d'An." "The Redemption," and 



M ' Ini- ( .mi- eiii|inmiiis. a Roman 



and statesman who, as tribune, was the originator 



Hid killed 



.ini/ed by < pimms. 1J1. Hi.- brother. 

 1. 1. n.niii^. born B. C. ll > elects! tribune. 



:i* alno killed m an uprising of the patricians :i; 

 hi* proposal! the public lands 



i.r.int. I re, |. -rii i, Dent, brigadier-general t't 

 States Army: Ix.rti m May 30, 1850; unit i>f 



Ulysses S. and .Julia D. Grunt; graduated At Went Point, 

 aligned to f.> m wa * lieutenant-colon. I 



I State* Army when he resigned In- roouniMloo. 



I %% I ; ..Me, ward I'mi. and 



New York, until 

 col, ,n.-l of lit! 

 eemtiing of v 



ited brigadier -general. I'lnti-d 

 c< I m I' < year, and 



'imianded nul.t i 



rred to Phili) *. commanded sec- 



recentlv. I 



v. 1X98. Berai 



volunteer i nfant rv up. n 



!7, l M>8. was am 

 States volunteers. Her 



ond brigade, first division. 8th Army Corps (Lawton's) ; 

 occupied advance of southern line fighting battles of 

 , Big Bend, October 3, and Binacian. October 6, 1899: 

 transferred November 1. 1899, to second brigade, second 

 division for the advance into Northern Luzon, where 

 this brigade covered flanks and rear of McArthur's di- 

 vision; later detached to invade provinces of Batuan 

 and Zamballea; assigned January. 1900, to district 

 Northern Luzon, which he commanded during guerilla 

 war (this district was first brought under control to ac- 

 cept civil government) ; transferred to separate brigade. 

 Southern Luzon, October, 1901 order restored; trans- 

 ferred. April. 1902. to Sixth Separate Brigade. Samar. 

 where he received surrender of last of insurgent forces; 

 appointed brigadier-general United States Army, Febru- 

 ary 18, 1901; commanded department of Texas. 1902, 

 January 15. 1904. department of lakes until Septem- 

 ber 28, 1904; now commanding department of the 

 East. 



Grant, Ulysses Simpson, born in 1822; American 

 general and statesman; entered the army in 1S43. and 

 served with distinction in the Texas campaign of 1845. 

 In 1848, he married, and in 1854, resigned his commis- 

 sion. During the Civil War he captured Fort Henry 

 (February. 1862), and Fort Donelson; won the battle 

 of Shiloh (April 6-7) ; defeated Price at luka (September 

 19th), and for his capture of Vicksburg in July, 1863. 

 was made major-general. He further distinguished 

 himself by the relief of Chattanooga in November, and 

 was voted a gold medal for his services. In March, 1864. 

 he became lieutenant-general and commander-in-chief 

 of the Federal Armies, and in little more than a year 

 brought the war to a close. On July 25, 1866. he was 

 named general of the armies of the United States, and 

 in 1868, became president, being re-elected in l^rj He 

 successively superintended the pacification of the South- 

 ern States, the restoration -of the finances, and the dis- 

 banding of the army, and he obtained from England 

 the payment of the Alabama claims. On his ret 

 from office he made a tour round the world. Having 

 lost his moderate fortune in an unfortunate speculation, 

 he wrote an account of his life, which, being successful, 

 to some extent relieved him. He died, in 1885, of can- 

 cer, after a year's severe suffering. 



G rattan, Henry, born in 1746; Irish patriot, edu- 

 cated at Tnnity College. Dublin, and called to the ln*h 

 bar in 1772; entered the Irish Parliament in 1775. and 

 became an Opposition leader. In 1780 he moved that 

 the crown was the only link between England and Ire- 

 land, and in 1782, by means of the volunteer movement, 

 succeeded in obtaining legislative independence for his 

 country. His views on Catholic emancipation were 

 not shared by the whole of his party, and. after the re- 

 call of Fitzwilliam, power passed from his hands to the 

 United Irishmen. Having been some years in retire- 

 ment, he actively opposed the union, and after an inter- 

 val of two years entered the British Parliament a* mem- 

 ber for Malton. He was offered office by Fox. but re- 

 fused; supported the Irish insurrection bill of 1^'7. 

 and devoted his last years to the cause of the Catholic 

 emancipation. Died. Js.'n. 



(. r .1 \ , Asa, a distinguished American botanist : born 

 ;:i County. N. Y . m ls|u : graduated in 

 medicine in 1X42; ! >er professor of natural 



history at Harvard', and in Is7-l. succeeded Aganaiz as 

 regent of the Smithsonian Institution His writing* 

 did much to promote the study of botany in America 

 on a sound scientific basis, and also to forward the theo- 

 ries of Darwin. In conjunction with Doctor To t 

 wrote "The Flora of N. .."and by 



various manuals of botany and "Natural Science and 

 -.." Died, 1888. 



urist; bora in New Castle, Del., 



May 4. 1840; gmfuated at Princeton. 1850 (A. M.. 1863; 



1889); studied law at Harvard: admitted to 



:<: practiced at New Castle. 1863-60; afterward 



at Wilmington; attoraey-Rvnernl of Delaware, 1879-85: 



Imted States senator. 1885-09; Democrat: member 



foreign relations and iudician m senate; 



,,, Is-.Hi aM.hated *& 1 I r.,' . ,! | , i * i.,r '. 



nUal election: member Peace 



>jf? ppfe!f d ^r^.p"* 



and member of t! uottl 



..n under I IK- Hague con 



I -.HI.I : jud.-e Pnfted .-. tin mi r..mt. t 



. I I >s. 



don. li 





educated at Cambridge, in which 



--NT of modern literature in 1 

 nail rnnk n 



'ten in a Country Chi 



