BIOGRAPHY 



451 



solitary place, where He passed forty days in fasting. I the Emperor Louis of Bavaria, whom he excommunicated 

 meditation, and prayer, previous to the remarkable in 1324. He was nominally deposed by Louis in 1327, 

 scene of the temptation described by the evangelists but continued to exercise the papal functions at Avignon. 

 Matt., chap, iv.; Mark i: 12-13; Luke, chap. iv. ! Died. 1334. 

 He was afterward transfigured in the presence of three ; t Johnson, 

 of His disciples, when Moses and Elias appeared to Him 



from heaven, and His raiment became white and shining, 

 and His face shone as the sun. On this occasion again, 

 a voice came from heaven saying, "This is my beloved 

 Son; hear ye Him" (Matt., chap, xvii.; Mark, chap, ix.; 

 Luke. chap. ix.. verses 28-36). His mission is generally 

 considered to have occupied three years, spent in acts 

 of mercy (chiefly miraculous), in inculcating a purer 

 system of morals, more exalted notions of God, and more 

 elevating views of man and his destiny than had yet 

 been presented to the world. His doctrine is embodied 

 chiefly in the Sermon on the Mount (Matt., chap, v.-vii.. 



, Andrew, seventeenth President of the 

 United States, was born in Raleigh. N. C.. in 1808. 

 By trade a tailor, and a self-educated man, he became 

 a member of the Legislature of Tennessee (his adopted 

 State); was elected to Congress. 1843-53. and became 

 governor of Tennessee in 1853. and again in 1855. In 

 1857, he was elected to the National Senate, and, in 

 1862, appointed military governor of his State. Elected 

 Vice-President of the Union by the Republican party 

 in 1864, he was sworn in as President in the following 

 year, on the assassination of Mr. Lincoln. In this 

 position, his opposition to the measures adopted by 

 Congress for the reconstruction of the Southern States 

 involved him in a struggle, which ended in 1868. with 

 his impeachment on charges of high crimes and mis- 



He was 



accordingly 



the Tinted States Senate for the second time. 

 July 31, 1875. 



Johnson, Eastman, artist; born in Lovell, Me., i-. 

 1824; educated in public schools. Augusta. Me.; studied 

 two years in Royal Academy, Dusseldorf. Among 

 many notable genre pictures are "The Kentucky Home. 

 'Husking Bee," 'The Stage Coach," "Pension Agent." 



By 



and Luke, chap. yi.). containing the form of prayer He 

 taught to His disciples, commonly called the Lord's 



in His discourses to the Jews in John, chap. | demeanors against the state __ __. 



v.-vni. and x.; to His disciples, chap, xiv.-xvi.; and His brought to trial, March 13th, and acquitted on the 26th 



intercessory prayer, chap. xvii. He chose twelve apostles I of May following. In January. 1875, he was elected to 



to be the companions of His ministry, the witnesses of * u ~ "-:- 

 His miracles, and the depositories of His doctrine; and 

 He was betrayed into the power of His enemies by one 

 of these with the mockery of a friendly salutation. IV- 

 : by one, denied by another, and abandoned by all. 

 He was carried before the Jewish priests, found guilty. 

 and by them delivered over to the Roman majristi ; 



* who alone had the power of life and death. Condemned "Prisoner of State," and portraits "Two Men7' ex- 



to oeath as a disturber of the public peace, He was nailed President Arthur. Cleveland, and Harrison; W. H. 



to the cross on Mount Calvary, and it was in the agonies Vanderbilt, Commodore Vanderbilt, Secretary Folger, 



of this bitter death that He prayed for the forgiveness Daniel Webster, John Quincy Adams. Win. B. Astor, 



of His executioners, and with a touching act of filial love John D. Rockefeller, W. D. Sloane. Mrs. Alexander 



commended His mother to His favorite disciple. The Hamilton, Mrs. Dolly Madison (from life), Mrs. August 



evangelists relate that from the hour of noon the sun Belmont, Mrs. Hamilton Fish. Mr. and Mrs. I. A. Burden, 



was darkened and three hours after, Jesus, having cried Mrs. W. T. Blodgett; College Presidents McCosh, Noah 



out. "It is finished!" gave up the ghost. The veil of Porter, Barnard, and Andrew White: Charles O'Conor, 



the temple, they add, was torn asunder, the earth shook, Wheeler H. Peckham, Longfellow, Hawthorne, Emer- 



rocks were rent, and the tombs opened. The centurion son. Bishop Potter, Morris K. Jesup, etc. Represented 



who was present, directing the execution, exclaimed, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art and Lenox Galleries. 



"Truly this was the Son of God! " The body of Jesus New York; Corcoran Gallery. White House and Treas- 



was taken down by Joseph of Arimathea and placed in ury Building. Washington; capitol at Albany; Knicker- 



a tomb, about which the Jewish priests, remembering bocker. Century, and Union League Clubs. Chamber of 



His prophecy that He should rise on the third day, set a Commerce, Board of Trade, etc., New York. 



guard, sealing up the door. Notwithstanding these Johnson, John A., journalist, governor of Minne- 



precautions His prophecy was fulfilled by His resurrection sola; born in St. Peter. Minn., July 28, 1861; educated 



on the first day of the week (Sunday), and He appeared in public schools, St. Peter. Care of family devolving 



repeatedly to His disciples to encourage, console, and upon him at 12, went to work in printing office in St. 



. -t them. On the fortieth day after His resurrec- Peter, and has continued in that business, becoming 



tion. while with them on the Mount of Olives, after He member of firm of Easier & Johnson, publishers of the 



had Kiven them instructions to teach and proselytize all St. Peter "Herald," of which he is editor. Democrat. 



nations, promising them the gift of the Holy Spirit, a Served seven years in Minnesota National Guard, becom- 



rloud received Him out of their sight, and He was taken ing captain. Was State senator from St. Peter district; 



ui> to heaven. While the disciples stood gazing after elected governor of Minnesota, 1904, for term expiring 



Ban two men in white apparel appeared to them, and January 1. 1907. 



predicted His coming again in like manner as they had Johnson, Tom Ixiftin, capitalist, mayor; born in 



seen Him go. See the closing chapters of the four Georgetown, Ky., July IS, 1854; went to Indiana in 



evangelists and Acts i: 1-14. j boyhood; educated there; clerk in street railway office, 



Louisville, Ky., 1869-75; invented several street rail- 

 way devices; bought a street railway in Indianapolis; 

 later acquired large street railway interests in Cleveland, 

 Detroit, and Brooklyn; is also iron manufacturer it 



Jo. in of Arc, the "Maid of Orleans"; born in Dom- 

 r< IMV. in Lorraine, in 1412; while tending sheep in her 

 ..liaise heard voices summoning her to deliver 

 France from the English. She presented herself before 



Charles VII.. who gave her some troops, and with these Cleveland. Member of Congress. 1891-95; prominent 

 she raised the siege of Orleans in May, 1429. In June advocate of the "single- tax" theories of late Henry 

 Talbot was defeated at Patay, and in July Joan . :1M -. .1 George. Has now retired from business and is devoting 

 Charles to be crowned at Rheims. She now declared his entire time to taxation questions and official duties; 

 that her mission was over, but was persuaded by Charles I mayor of Cleveland since 1901. 

 to remain. In May, 1430, she was taken prisoner while _ Johnston, Albert Sydney, a distinguished American 



attempting to raise the siege of Compii me. and. after a Confederate general, was born m Kentuckv. in 1803. 

 trial conducted by the Bishop of Beauvais, was con- i and graduated at West Point in 1826. In 1837. he 

 demned as a sorceress, and burned in the market-place superseded General Houston as commander-in-chief of 

 of Kouen in 1431. 



.loim.M.. railed I '.aptist, son of Zacharias, a priest 

 of the Jews, and of Elizabeth, was t of Mary, 



the mother of Jesus. He early exercised the apostolic 

 call, and began to preach in the valley of the Jordan, 

 where Jesus received baptism at his hands. He after- 

 wards suffered imprisonment and death by command 

 of Herod. 



John, St.. the Apostle; born, circa 4; was one of the 



earliest of Christ's disciples. During the rruc ili\4on our 



Lord commended HIM mother to his care, and he "took 



her to his own home." John afterwards became Hihop 



HUS. According to Tertullian, he wa* plunged 



into a caldron of boiling oil during the persecution under 



it. Kut received no mjnrv. He was sub* 



> the island of Patmos. where he wrote the Book 



of Revelation He was also author of the Gospel and 



Epistles which bear his name. Died, circa 99. 



.lohn \\ll.. 



vn of Cahors, was elected in 1316. during 

 the " Babylonish Captivity." He was at variance with 



the Texan army; next became Texan war secretary, 

 and served as a colonel of American regulars during the 

 Mexican War. In 1857. he commanded the expedition 

 sent against the Mormons of Utah: and in 1860. was 

 made military commander of the department of Kan- 

 UK -kv and Tennessee, by the so-called Confederate Gov- 

 ernment. After the surrender of Fort Donalson. he 

 . junction with the , i, ny of General Beauregard. 



and fell m the l.attle ,.f Huloh. April 6, 1862. 



Johnston, Joseph I ut: i. ton, born in 1807; Ameri- 

 can soldier, joined the Confederate army, and becam* 



February. 1865. but surrendered with his army in UM 



folloumg At 



.lull .1 



.tvelivml in therein* 

 boot ^<M U . bj othe... > l*t STjhu "" <" 



MM sul.-r. . d UM MMMMd > K ,.f the .Hd Testament 



which bears his name. 



son of Haul, and the bosom friend of 



Dn 



Jonathan. > l. and the bosom friend of 



nvid. who bewailed his untimely death in on* of the 



