BIOC.RAIMIY 



461 



Veagh commission " sent to Louisiana, 1877. by President 

 Hayes to amicably adjust disputes of contending parties 

 there; United States attorney-general in cabinet of 

 President Garfield, 1881, but resigned on accession of 

 Pre.-ident Arthur, resuming law practice at Philadelphia; 

 supported Cleveland for president. 1892; ambassador 

 to Italy. 1893-97; chief counsel of United States in the 

 Venezuelan arbitration before The Hague Tribunal. 1903. 

 .Madison, James, fourth President of the United 

 States; was born in King George, Virginia, March 16. 

 17..1. He graduated at Princeton, N. J., in 1771, and 

 studied law. In 1776. he was a member of the Virginia 

 Convention, and, though too modest for an orator, he 

 became one of the most eminent, accomplished, and 

 respected of American statesmen. He was elected to 

 ;eral Congress in 1779; in 1784. to the Legislature 

 of Virginia, in winch ho supported the measures of Mr. 

 n in the revision of the laws, and placing all 

 religious denominations on an equality of freedom with- 

 out State support. As a member of tin- convention of 

 ich framed the Federal Constitution, Mr. Mudi- 

 1 with Jay and Hamilton, and with them wrote 

 Hr -upported the adoption of the 



constitution, but opposed the financial policy of Hamil- 

 ton, and became a leader of the Republican or Jeffer- 

 sonian party. He declined the mission to France, and 

 the office of secretary of state, but in 1792 became the 

 leader of the Republican party in Congress, and wrote 

 olutions of 1798, which contain the 

 basis of the State-rights doctrines. In 1801, Mr. Jeffer- 

 son having been elected president, Mr. Madison was 

 made secretary of state, which post he held during the 

 eiirht years of his administration. In 1809, he was 

 president. The European ware of that period, 

 with their blockades and orders in council, were destruc- 

 tive of American commerce. The claim of the English 

 ; i lent to impress seamen from American vessels 

 was violently resisted. Mr. Madison vainly endeavored 

 to avoid a war with England, which was declared in 

 1812, and continued for two years, at a cost of 30,000 

 lives and 100.000,000 dollars. He was one of the four 

 presidents elected for a second term, during which he 

 approved the establishment of a national hank as a 

 financial necessity a measure he had opposed and 

 In 1817, he retired to his seat at Montpelier. 

 Virginia, where he served as a rector of the University 

 of Virginia, and a promoter of agriculture and public 

 improvements. Without being a brilliant man, he was 

 a statesman of eminent ability and purity of character. 

 He died at Montpelier, January 28. 1836. 



M.ieterlim K. Maurice, Belgian author; was born 



The following is a list of his works, some of 



which have been translated into Kimli^h and have at- 



onsiderable attention: " IM. Prinees.se Maleine," 



I'. II. as et Melisande." "Alladine et Palomides," "Ag- 



et Selysette," " Douze Chansons," " Le Trtteor 



den Humbles." "La Mort de Tintagiles," "L'Intruse." 



iSagesse et la Destinee." He is also the author 



of the dramas "Ariane et Barbebleue" and 



Monna Vanna," and of "Joyzelle." 



Magdalene. Mary, a < lalila-Jin. belonging to Mag- 

 D the sea of (in! ilce. who followed Christ, stood by 

 the cross, pr- > pulchre, to whom 



He first appeared after His resurrection, and who is sup- 

 posed by some recent critics to be the sole voucher for 

 His rising again. 



Magellan. Ferdinand, r.-rtiu'iie*.,- navigator; l><>n.. 

 1470; served his country first in the East Indies and 

 Morocco, but dissatisfied with King Manuel's treatment 

 of him, offered hun-elf to Spain; under Charles V.'s 

 patronage he and Kuy Falero set out to reach the Mo- 

 luccas by the west in l. r >19; he reached the Philippine*, 

 and died m battle in Mat an; on thin voyage tic 

 Magellan 6 les long and fifti- 



wide, between the Sou f mainland ai 



del I Hi-go; he gave name to the Pacific from the calm 

 tionally, it appears; experienced on entering it. 



mi, ( h.i He* I .. !>orn in 



MwatMima. Minn. I'mver-itv of Nd.ia-ka; admit l.-d 

 ind ciu'rii" practice; \\ , 



'ilar Affair*. \\ u Mngton. 



1809-1904; general 



r U> Panama since 1905-00; wince 1908. pro 

 ; of < 'ul>a The Law of Civil Govern- 



ment I'nder Mill' . I .on " 



M. ili. in. MM. .I lh. i. MI- ma-han'). an American 

 naval officer and writer; born in ' 



September J7. 1SHI. wa* , 



States Naval Academy m 1- 



War ; was president of the Naval War College. New- 

 port, in 1886-89 and 1890-93; visited Europe in 

 command of the "Chicago" in 1893, receiving many 

 honors, among them degrees from both Oxford and 

 Cambridge. He was retired at his own request Novem- 

 ber 17, 1896. During the war with Spain he was a 

 member of the Naval Board of Strategy; and in 1899 

 was appointed by President McKinley as one of the 

 American delegates to the Universal Peace Conference 

 at The Hague. His chief work. "Influence of Sea 

 Power upon History," with its continuation, "Influence 

 of Sea Power upon the French Revolution and Empire." 

 gave him a world-wide reputation. 



Maine, Sir Henry Sunnier. F. K. S., I). ( . L., 

 born in 1822; English jurist, educated at Cam- 

 bridge, where in 1847. he became Regius professor of 

 civil law. After being reader at the Temple, he waa law 

 member of the council of India for seven years, and in 

 1870, became Corpus professor at Oxford. His chief 

 works were "Ancient Law," "Village Communities." 

 and "Early History of Institutions." etc. In 1871 he 

 became member of the secretary of state for India's 

 council, and in 1877 master of Trinity Hall, Cambridge. 

 Died. 1888. 



.Ma lib ran de Beust, Maria Fellclta, born in 1808; 

 French singer, daughter of Manuel C.arria; made her 

 de"but in the Italian opera in 1825. and soon afterwards 

 married her first husband, from whom she was divorced 

 in 1836, her second being De Beriot. the violinist. She 

 met with much .success in " Semirami.s," and other operas. 

 making tours in England, the Continent, and the United 

 States. She died from the consequence of a fall while 

 riding. Died. 1836. 



Malory, Sir Thomas, flourished in the Fifteenth 

 Century; was the author of "Morte d' Arthur." being a 

 translation in prose of a labyrinthine selection of Arthur- 

 ian legends, which was finished in the ninth year of 

 Edward IV., and printed fifteen years after by Caxton 

 " with all care." 



Malpighl, Marcello, born in 1628; Italian anato- 

 mist and chief physician to Pope Innocent XL; lectured 

 in Bologna, Pisa, and other places, and wrote works on 

 the anatomy of plants, the physiology 9f the silkworm, 

 and medical subjects. His name was given to the Mai- 

 pighian genus. Died. 1694. 



M .Minis. Thomas Robert, F. R. S., born in 1766; 

 English political economist; sometime Fellow of Jesus 

 College. Cambridge; published in 1798 his "Essay on 

 Population. " afterwards took orders, and held from 18O4 

 the professorship of history and political economy in 

 the East India Company's college. Haileybury. Died, 



Mann, Horace, an American statesman; born in 

 Franklin. Mass., 1796; is chiefly remembered for his 

 untiring efforts in the cause of educational extension 

 and reform, in the suppressioaajof slavery, and in the 

 promotion of temperance. Dim. 1859. 



Mann, Louis, actor: born in New York, 1865; began 

 acting at 6, at 18 traveling with small companies; later 

 played with the elder Sahim. Lewis Morrison. J. k. Em- 

 met?, etc . then "barn-stormed" in classical drama; 

 played Ut tenon, the lawyer, in I>aniel Bandmann's pro- 

 duction of " Dr.Jekyll and Mr Hyde"; appeared in one 

 of leading roles in "Incog"; ubeeQMoUy was original 

 caricaturist of Svengali in 'Merry World"; created Ger- 

 man comedy parts in "The Si ramie Ad\enture of Mia* 

 Brown," and m '(.irl from Paris"; has since been one 

 of the leading impersonators of these and character 

 roles; starred five year* jointly with Clara Lipman, his 

 wife. Author of short stone*. 



MaiHierlug, .Mary, actress; born in 1 

 land. A; . .laughter of Hirhard and I 



I nend i-i.-u-e name taken from maiden name of her 

 father's grandmother); educated at private chooU; 

 studied for Mage under I 1 ti utagr 



at 16; appeared m I Bander l at Shaftaabury 



Theater. London; ton. nn* two 



iilaymr < n leading parU in 







revise*! for Knulinli prm-uirm) : clr.; rame lo 

 I inted Mat.- under management i ohman; 



American d. but a- eater. Hartford. Conn.: 



November 20. IBM. in "The Couruh.p of i 



^ ork debut. I 



role* in modern drama; married. 



red m leading 

 J. iv.;. .1 K || 

 Manning, Henry 

 Kiurh-h Roman Cath 



.hoi: wr- 



nuently took orders, 



irdlnal. horn in 1SOS; 



educated t Harrow 



>w of Merton; ubee- 



< .-icon of Chi- 



),. .,, ,.1,-d ,,, ,!,o 



man ai Archbishop 



