484 



THE STANDARD DICTIONARY OF FACTS 



Kuport, Prince Robert, of Bavaria, was born 1619. 

 :t son of Frederick V., K lei- tor Puatine, l>y Eliza- 

 beth, eldest daughter of James I., of England, ami whose 

 MIOWII in English history as the Klectress Sophia 

 of Hanover. He took a prominent part in the civil wars 

 of England under his uncle, Charles 1., ami was distin- 

 guished for his rash courage and impetuosity. In the 

 reign of Charles II. he served in the fleet, and was after- 

 wards appointed Governor of Windsor. In his last years 

 he amused himself with scientific pursuits; and is said 

 to have invented pinchbeck, sometimes called prince's 

 metal, and the curious scientific toys called Prince Ku- 

 pert's drops. He is buried in Henry the Seventh's 

 Chapel. Westminster. Died, 1682. 



Ku-.li, Itcnjamin. American physician and politician, 

 born at Philadelphia, 17-l">. He studied at Edinburgh; 

 was returned to Congress in 1770, and signed the Decla- 

 ration of Independence; became professor in the Insti- 

 tute of Medicine at Philadelphia in 1791. Among his 

 works are, "Essays, Literary. Moral, and Philosophi- 

 cal"; "Medical Inquiries ana Observations "; and "A 

 History of the Yellow lever." Died. 1813. 



It 11 -kin, John, was born in London, 1819, and edu- 

 cate. 1 at (Kford. In 1843 appeared the first volume of 

 " Modern Painters," which created a revolution in modern 

 art and the estimation of artistic qualities. The remain- 

 ing V9lumes were published in 1846, 1856, and 1860. Of 

 Ruskin's other works on art, the chief are the "Seven 

 Lamps of Architecture," and "Stones of Venice." About 

 1860 he became deeply interested in the social problems 

 of the age, and published " Unto this Last," and " Munera 

 Pulveris." Among his later works are "Sesame and 

 Lilies." "The Ethics of the Dust," and "The Crown of 

 Wild Olives," and " Pneterita," a charming autobiog- 

 raphy, completed in 1888. Mr. Ruskin was appointed 

 Rede Lecturer, at Cambridge, in April, 1867, and the 

 senate conferred the degree of LL. D. upon him, May 

 loth. He was also selected Slade Professor of Fine Arts 

 at Oxford, being thrice reflected. He was obliged to 

 resign the post in 1884 on account of failing health. For 

 several years prior to his death he lived in retirement 

 at Brantwood. Coniston. Died, 1900. 



Russell, Annie (Miss), actress; born in Liverpool, 

 England, in 1869; first stage appearance in Montreal 

 when 7; afterward at New York in juvenile "Pinafore" 

 company; went to South America and West Indies in 

 varied repertory; returned to United States and joined 

 Madison Square Theater Company; became famous in 

 "Esmeralda" and George Parsons Lathrop's "Elaine"; 

 retired for several years on account of ill health; since 

 1895, has appeared in several leading roles; first appear- 

 ance in London, 1898. 



Russell, John, Earl, statesman, third son of the 

 sixth Duke of Bedford, was born 1792. He was educated 

 at Westminster and Edinburgh; entered parliament as 

 a Whig in 1813; became an advocate of parliamentary 

 reform; was instrumental in the repeal of the Test and 

 Corporation Acts (1828), and the passing of the Catholic 

 Relief Act (1829); was paymaster-general under Lord 

 Grey. 1830-34. and drew up the Government Reform Bill 

 (1832); was home secretary (1835-39), and colonial sec- 

 retary (1839-41) under Lord Melbourne; led the Oppo- 

 sition (1841-^46); was prime minister (1846-52); went as 

 British plenipotentiary to the Vienna Conference (1855); 

 was foreign secretary under Lord Palmerston (1859-65); 

 again became prime minister in (1865), but resigned on 

 the defeat of his Reform Bill in (1866). Earl Russell 

 published an "Essay on the History of the English Gov- 

 ernment and Constitution," and numerous other works. 

 Died, 1878. 



K us sell, Lillian, opera singer; born (Helen Louise 

 Leonard) in Iowa in 1861; educated in Convent Sacred 

 Heart, Chicago; sang in church choir, and, in 1879, 

 waa engaged by E. E. Rice to play in "Pinafore." 

 Later, sang ballads at Tony Pastor's Theater, New York; 

 joined McCaull Opera Company, of which she was prima 

 donna until her own company was organized; has since 

 starred in various operatic roles in United States and 

 England; married, first, David Braham, composer; 

 second, Edward Solomon, composer; third, Sig. Perugini, 

 operatic tenor. 



Ruysdaal (roia'dal),or Ruysdael, Jacob van, one of 

 the most distinguished Dutch landscape painters, born 

 at Haarlem, probably about 1625. died in the poorhouse 

 of his native place 1682. His paintings, but little appre- 

 ciated during his lifetime, now bring great prices. Fine 

 examples of his works are to be seen in the National 

 Gallery at London, and in the Louvre at Paris. Land- 

 scapes with dark clouds hanging over them, lakes and 

 rivulets surrounded by overhanging trees, etc., are his 

 subjects, and are represented with true poetic feeling 

 and admirable technique. It is said that the figures in 



his paintings were executed by A. van de Velde, Philip 

 ami Pieter Wouwerman, C. Berghem, and others. 



Utiyter (nri'ter). Michiel Adriaanszoon de, a cele- 

 brated Dutch Admiral, born at Flushing in 1607, died, 

 1076, in the port of Syracuse from a wound received in an 

 engagement with the French. He rose to his rank from 

 the situation of cabin-boy, and distinguished himself for 

 remarkable seamanship and bravery in many naval 

 battles, but more especially in 1653, in 1666, and in 1672, 

 'against the British fleet. 



Kyan, Patrick John, Roman archbishop, was born 

 nearThurles. Ireland, in 1831. He was ordained deacon 

 in 1853, completing his studies in St. l.ouis, Mo., and 

 raised to the priesthood in 1854. In 1872 was elected 

 coadjutor archbishop of St. Louis. His administration 

 was energetic and successful. He was nominated arch- 

 bishop of Philadelphia in 1884. He is distinguished as 

 a graceful and eloquent speaker. Author of " What 

 Catholics Do Not Believe"; "The Causes of Modern 

 Skepticism." etc. 



Kyan, Thomas Fortune, financier; born in Nelson 

 County, Va., October 17, 1851. Began business life, 

 1868, Baltimore dry goods house; entered Wall Street, 

 1870; member of New York Stock Exchange, 1S74; 

 afterwards interested in consolidation and extension of 

 street railway and lighting systems, New York, Chicago, 

 and other cities, and in reorganization of various rail- 

 ways in the South, coal properties in Ohio and West 

 Virginia, and railways in Ohio. Vice-president of Mor- 

 ton Trust Company; trustee of American Surety Com- 

 pany; director of Pere Marquette Railroad, Hocking 

 Valley Railway, Consolidated Gas Company of New 

 York, Seaboard Air Line Railway, Metropolitan Secur- 

 ities Company, Consolidated Gas, Electric Light and 

 Power Company of Baltimore, American Tobacco Com- 



gany, National Bank of Commerce, Union Exchange 

 ank, and many other corporations; purchased con- 

 trolling interest of the stock of Equitable Life Assur- 

 ance Society of United States, 1905. Delegate from. 

 Virginia, National Democratic Convention, 1904. 



Sagasta, Praxedes Mateo, born in 1827; Spanish 

 statesman, was obliged to leave the country for his 

 share in the rising of 1856, and again, ten years later, 

 to seek refuge in France. On his return he changed 

 his views and joined General Prim, and held the port- 

 folio of the interior for several vears. After the acces- 

 sion of Alfonso XII., he formed a Liberal-constitution- 

 alist party, and having, in 1880, joined a new Liberal 

 combination, formed a coalition with Campos, which 

 lasted till 1883. In 1887, Sagasta again became head 

 of a ministry, and continued almost uninterruptedly 

 down to 1902. Died, 1903. 



Sage, Margaret Olivia Slocum (Mrs.), born in 

 Syracuse, N. Y., September 8, 1828; daughter of Joseph 

 and Margaret Pierson (Jermain) Slocum; educated in 

 schools of Syracuse; graduate of Troy Female Seminary, 

 1847 (degree, Mistress of Letters, New York University, 

 1904) ; married in Watervliet, N. Y., November 24, 1869, 

 to Russell Sage. President of Emma Willard Associa- 

 tion; member of Society of Mayflower Descendants. 

 Has added large sums to the endowment of Troy Fe- 

 male Seminary, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, and 

 other institutions. 



Sainte-Beuve, Charles Augustin, born in 1804; 

 French critic; after having been a surgeon, wrote verses 

 for the "Revue des Deux Mondes" and other period- 

 icals, and, in 1840, became Mazarin librarian. In 1850, 

 he joined the "Constitutionel," in which appeared his 

 "Causeries du Lundi." He was one of the editors of 

 the " Dictionnaire Historique de la Langue Francaise." 

 Died, 1869. 



Saint Clair, Arthur, an American general, was born 

 in Scotland, in 1735. He emigrated to America, 

 became a citizen of Pennsylvania, and a brigadier- 

 general in the Revolutionary army, serving with dis- 

 tinction at the battles of Trenton and Princeton. In 

 1777, he became major-general, and entered Congress in 

 1785, of which body he was elected president two years 

 later. In 1789, he was made governor of Ohio, and 

 two years afterwards suffered a defeat with heavy loss, 

 at the hands of the Miami Indians. Died, 1818. 



Saint Gaudens, Augustus, sculptor; born in Dub- 

 lin, Ireland, in 1848; came to United States in infancy; 

 learned trade of cameo cutter; studied drawing at 

 Cooper Institute. 1861; student at National Academy 

 of Design, 1865-66 (hon. LL. D., Harvard; L. H. D., 

 Princeton); at Ecole des Beaux Arts, Paris, 1867-70. 

 In Rome, 1870-72, producing there, 1871, his first 

 figure, "Hiawatha"; settled in New York, 1872. 

 Among his works are "Adoration of the Cross" (in St 

 Thomas' Church, New York), "The Puritan," "Diana' 1 

 (on tower of Madison Square Garden, New York); 

 ', statues of Abraham Lincoln and John A. Logan, Chi- 



