486 



THE STANDARD DICTIONARY OF FACTS 



Land Improvement Company, Northern Securities (\nn- 



Fidelity Hank, National Hank of Comn. 

 port Trust Company, President Montetiore Home for 

 Chronic Invalids; vice-president and trustee of Haron 

 DC Hirsch Fund; ax-vice-president of New York Cham- 

 I Commerce; founded Jewish Theolonical Seminary, 

 the Semitic .Museum, Harvard, .Nurse:-' Settlement, New 

 York. 



^ehiller. Johann Christoph Friedrich von, one of 

 the greatest of German national poets, was born in Mar- 

 bach, 1759. After completing his studies he early 

 adopted the medical profession, and while serving a.- an 

 army surgeon, produced, in 1777. his traircdy of "The 

 Kobbers," a work which established his reputation as a 

 drain : quitting the army. he. in 17S3, as- 

 sumed literature for a means of livelihood, and became 

 writer to the theater at Mannheim, in which capacity In- 

 produced his tragedy of " I lesoo." Two years after- 

 wards, he took up his residence in Leipzig, and wrote his 

 In 17V. upon the recommendation of 

 his friend (iothe, Schiller entered upon the professorship 

 of history at Jena I'niversity; and, two years later, 

 published his "History of the Thirty Years' War"; and, 

 in 1789, his masterpiece, the tragedy of " Wallenstein." 

 In 1799, he took up his abode in Weimar, where he com- 

 posed his dramas of "Mary Stuart, Ihe Maid of 



Orleans," and "The Bride of Messina." as well as his 

 exquisite poem "The Song of the Hell." Finally, in 

 :> pea red one of the most popular of his dramas, 

 -William Tell." Died, 1805. The ballads of Schiller 

 are the finest things of the kind in the German language. 



Scliley, \Vinfii-ld Scott, rear-admiral of United States 

 Navy; born near Frederick, Md., October 9, 1839; 

 served in West Gulf blockading squadron from 1861; 

 was in engagements leading to capture of Port Hudson, 

 I A., 1863; remained in Southern waters until 1864. 

 Then, until 1866, in Pacific station as executive officer 

 of gunboat " Watereel" ; suppressed insurrection among 

 Chinese coolies on Chinchi Islands, 1864, and in 1865, 

 landed 100 men at San Salvador to protect. United Slates 

 consulate and custom house during revolution. In 1872, 

 was placed at head of department of modern languages 

 at Annapolis; served in Europe, west coast of Africa 

 and the South Atlantic States and, 1884, took command 

 of Greeley Relief Expedition and rescued Lieutenant 

 Greeley and six survivors at Cape Sabine. Commanded 

 "Baltimore" and settled trouble at Valparaiso, Chile, 

 1891, when several American sailors were stoned by a 

 mob. Carried Ericsson's body to Sweden, August, 1891, 

 for which he received gold medal from King of Sweden. 

 Placed in command of the "Flying Squadron" on duty 

 in Cuban waters in war with Spain. Was in immediate 

 command at the destruction of Cervera's fleet off San- 

 tiago, July 3, 1898. Promoted to rear-admiral, August, 

 1898; was presented with a gold sword by people of 

 Pennsylvania; a silver sword by the Royal Arcanum; 

 a gold and jeweled medal, with the thanks of the Mary- 

 land Legislature; a silver service, etc., for services at 

 battle of Santiago. Retired at age limit, 1901. Author: 

 " Rescue of Greeley," " Forty-five Years Under the Flag." 



Sehofield, John McAllister, lieutenant-general in 

 United States Army; born in Gerry, N. Y., 1831; entered 

 West Point, 1849; graduated, 1853 (LL. D., Chicago 

 University). Served in garrison in South Carolina and 

 Florida until 1855; assistant professor of natural philos- 

 ophy. West Point, 1855-60; under leave of absence, 

 professor of physics, Washington University, St. 

 Louis, until April, 1861; in the Civil War became 

 brigadier-general, November, 1861, and major-general, 

 November, 1862, of volunteers; commanded a depart- 

 ment and army in the field; was in the Atlanta cam- 

 paign and later commanded at the battle of Franklin, 

 Tenn., for which he was made brigadier-general and 

 brevetted major-general in regular army. After war be- [ 

 came division commander; was secretary of war, 1868-69, 

 commanded the army of the United States, 1888-95; 

 was made lieutenant-general, 1895; retired from active 

 service by operation of law, September 29, 1895. Author: 

 "Forty-six Years in the Army." 



Schurman, Jacob Gould, president of Cornell 

 University since 1892; born in Freetown, Prince Edward 

 Island, May 22, 1854; graduate of University of London, ' 

 A. B. and A. M., in course/ 1877 and 1878, and 1877-78 

 studied at Paris and University of Edinburgh, D. Se. in 

 course. Studied two years at Heidelberg. Berlin and 

 Gottingen, and in Italy (LL. D., Columbia University, 

 1S92; Yale University, 1901; University of Edinburgh, 

 1902). Was 1880-82, professor of English literature, 

 political economy and psychology, Acadia College; 

 1882-86, professor of metaphysics and English literature, 

 Dalhousie College; 1886-92, Sage professor of philosophy 

 and latter part of time dean of Sage School of Philosophy, 

 Cornell; appointed, January, 1899, by the president, 



chairman of United States Philippine Commission, and 

 spent most of 1SUO in the Philippines. Author: "Kan- 

 tian Kthics and the Ethics of Evolution," "The Kthical 

 Import of Darwinism," "Belief in (iod." "Agnosticism 

 and Religion," "A Generation of Cornell," "Report (to 

 Congress! of the Philippine Commission" (joint author), 

 two volumes, H)UO; "Philippine Affairs A Retrospect 

 and Outlook." 



Schury., Carl, publicist; born in Liblar, near Cologne, 

 isj'.i; educated at gymnasium, Cologne, University of 

 Bonn i 1.1.. D., Harvard, and of University of Missouri; 

 LL. 1)., Columbia University, 1899). Published a 

 liberal newspaper at Bonn; took part in revolutionary 

 movements in 1848-49, and was compelled to leave Bonn 

 1S11; joined revolutionary army, but finally had to tlee 

 to Switzerland. Newspaper correspondent. Paris, ls.">l; 

 teacher in London. Came to the United States, 1852; 

 settled in Watertown, Wis.; was defeated as Republican 

 candidate for lieutenant-governor of Wisconsin, ls.".7; 

 member of National Republican Convention, 1860; 

 United States minister to Spain, 1861 ; resinned to enter 

 army; appointed brigadier-general, April, 1862; major- 

 general, March 14, 1803; commanded division at Second 

 Bull Run and at Chancellorsville, and a corps at Gettys- 

 burg. Washington correspondent to "New York 

 Tribune," 1865-66; founded "Detroit Post," 1866; 

 editor of "St. Louis Westliche Post," 1867; temporary 

 chairman of Republican National Convention, Chicago, 

 1868; United States senator from Missouri, 1869-75: 

 one of the organizers of Liberal party, 1872; presided 

 over convention at Cincinnati which nominated Greeley 

 for president; supported Hayes, 1876; secretary of the 

 interior, 1877-81; editor "New York Evening Post," 

 1881-84. One of leaders of Independent movement, 

 1884; supported Cleveland for president; contributor 

 to "Harper's Weekly," 1892-98; Author: "Speeches," 

 "Life of Henry Clay," "Abraham Lincoln, an Essay." 

 Died, 1906. 



Schwab, Charles M., capitalist, ex-president of 

 United States Steel Corporation; born in Williamsburg, 

 1'a., April 18, 1862; childhood from 5th year at Loretto, 

 Pa.; educated in village school and St. Francis College; 

 as a boy drove stage from Loretto to Cresson, Pa., five 

 miles; entered service of Carnegie Co., as stake-driver in 

 engineering corps of Edgar Thompson steel works; rose 

 steadily; became superintendent of Homestead works 

 and finally president of Carnegie Steel Co., Ltd.; presi- 

 dent, 1901-03, and now director and member of finance 

 committee of United States Si eel Corporation; built new 

 Catholic church, costing $150,000, at Loretto, Pa.; 

 established Homestead, Pa., Industrial School, etc. 



Scipio, Afrlcanus, Publlus Cornelius, born in 234 

 B.C.; Roman general; took Carthago Nova and con- 

 quered Spain, became consul in 206 B. C., and brought 

 to a conclusion the second Punic War by the defeat of 

 Hannibal at Zama (202 B. C.). He became a second 

 time consul, but his popularity passed away on account 

 of the arrogance of his later years. Died, 183. 



Scott, Sir Walter, Bart., born in 1771; novelist; 

 was the son of a writer to the signet in Edinburgh, and 

 practiced for a few years as an advocate, being appointed 

 clerk of the Court of Session in 1805. After some transla- 

 tions from the German, he began to write ballads, the 

 "Lay of the Last Minstrel," being followed by "Mar- 

 mion," "The Lady of the Lake," and other poems. In 

 1814, he published "Waverley," anonymously, and in 

 succeeding years appeared the series called by that name. 

 In 1820, Scott was made a baronet, but six years after 

 he was ruined by the bankruptcy of Messrs. Constable, 

 and he spent his later years in an honorable and suc- 

 cessful attempt to meet his liabilities by means of his 

 "Life of Napoleon," "Tales of a Grandfather," and con- 

 tributions to the "Quarterly Review." His life was 

 written by his son-in-law, Lockhart, and his "Journal" 

 was published in 1890. Died; 1832. 



Scott, W infield, born in 1786; American general; 

 was made prisoner and wounded in the War of 1812-15, 

 and, after further services, became commander-in-chief, 

 in 1842. Having conducted the war against Mexico, 

 he was Republican candidate for the presidency in 1852, 

 but was not elected. He retired from the army in 1861, 

 and died at West Point, 1866. 



Seawell, Molly Elliot, author; born in Gloucester 

 County, Va.. October 23, 1860; daughter of John 

 Tyler Seawell (a nephew of President Tyler) ; educated 

 at home. Her father died and she and her mother 

 removed to Washington, D. C. Began writing sketches 

 and stories in 1886. Published first novel in 1890. 

 In 1890, her "Little Jarvis" took a prize of $500 offered 

 by "Youth's Companion" for the best story for boys, 

 and, in 1895, her ''Sprightly Romance of Marsac" took 

 a prize of $3,000 offered by the "New York Herald. 

 Author: "Little Jarvis," "Midshipman Pauldmg, 



