496 



THE STANDARD DICTIONARY OF FACTS 



tion of the Dominion of Canada, which took place in 1867 

 and became a member of Sir John A. Macdonald's cabinet 

 ?n iSSii&f" 16 m - ln . ister of P ubl 'c works in 1.S7S; and 

 -18M was minister of railways and canals. While 

 g5"L? S*S ffic S he P^oted the construction of 

 the great Canadian Pacific Railway. In 1884, he was 

 appointed high commissioner for Canada in London. 

 He was one of the negotiators of the fisheries treaty with 

 the L nited States in 1887-1888. and was created a baronet 

 in the latter year. In 1895. he represented Canada at 

 he International Railway Conference in London. In 

 1896. was premier of Canada. 



l yndall ' ) J ? h , I V man ( ^'ence; born in Countv Car- 

 fee Ireland - 182 : JO'ned the Irish Ordnance Survey in 

 ; was a railway engin^r 1S44-47: studied at the 

 LnuersUies of Marburg and Berlin (1848-51); became 

 KlflS* ^/J** 1 "* 1 Philosophy in the Koyal Institution 

 H f f a 1 n Q e pedltl I ! to Switzerland with Pro- 

 Huxley in 18o6 wrote, in conjunction with him, a 

 ? n *K thc Mr . u <-ture and Motion of Glaciers," 

 ?J.^j? m * ln K u- f the British Association at 

 t. in IS, 4. Among his works are " Heat as a Mode 

 ot Motion, and Fragments of Science." Died, 1893. 

 1-5?* J't i n r Amencan statesman; born in Virginia, 

 I' n tered Congress in 1816; became vice-president 

 inder Harrison in 1840. and president in 1841, upon the 

 1 Genera j, Harrison During his government 

 exas was annexed to the United States. On the out- 

 Died 1863 War ^P " 8 ** 1 the side of the South. 

 I rin.rmyer, Samuel, lawyer; born in Lynchburg, 

 Va March 2. 1858; educated in New York public schools 

 College of the City of New York and Columbia University 

 Law School. Admitted to bar, 1879, and since prac- 

 ticing ,n New York; now member of law firm of Unter- 

 myer, Guggenheimer & Marshall; organized and is 

 junsel for many trade combinations. Director of Amer- 

 v an lth ? Kr ^ ph ii c ^ ' International Steam Pump Co 

 New England Brewing Co., New York Breweries Co. 

 Lnited States Brewing , Co Suffolk Brewing Co., United 

 .Co., member of Metropolitan Museum of Art, 

 Amencan Fine Arts Society. 



Urban, II. (Eudes) elected in 1088, when Bishop of 

 )st.a; continued the policy of Gregory VII., and opposed 

 the Emperor Henry iV.. who set up an anti-pope against 

 ?n m h2S d t , 1 l^ m f : c nvened the Council of Clermont 

 in 1095 at which the first crusade was proclaimed, and 

 nwip 1. of France was excommunicated; in 1098 made 

 the Norman counts of Sicily apostolic legates, and in 

 the same year held the Council of Bari. 



Ussher, James, born in 1580; Irish divine- be- 

 cam e bishop of Meath in 162 . and four yW 'later 

 archbishop of Armagh. His chief work w J^Anna e 

 \eteris et Novi Testamenti." the author, by Cromwell'; 

 order, being buried in Westminster Abbey. Died 1656 

 hH? P f f n V 3 J ar u ln V Ame rican statesman, and 

 eighth President of the United States; was born o 

 Knickerbocker stock, in Columbia County, N. Y., 1782 

 After studying law and becoming a member of the bar 

 ln*E i **& by ^ Democra tic party to the State 

 Tn fslft K . ' a , nd became attorney-general in 1815 

 In 1816. he largely contributed to the organization of 

 the so-called Albany regency, a political body which 



SI i ed ,fio^ v t ' Ca L ascendancy ^r ma y years in the 

 State. In 1821 Van Buren entered the National Senate, 

 and was reelected in 1827. As a senator he supported 

 the protective tariff of 1828, and in the same y 

 elected governor of New York. In 1830. he took office 

 as secretary of state in President Jackson's cabinet 

 resigning the same in April of the following year After 

 the rejection by the senate of his nomination as minister 

 to England he was elected in the Jackson interest vice- 

 president of the republic and in 1836, became the suc- 

 cessful Democratic candidate for the presidential chair 

 During his tenure of office occurred the financial crisis of 

 183 ; and the suspension of specie payments by the 

 banks; a state of things which induced the president 

 to recommend to Congress the establishment of an 

 iK4n Pendei t ? 5 " ury ~ a measure carried into effect in 

 1840. In the latter year, Van Buren's renomination for 



in various waters the Hudson, the Delaware, Lonjr 

 Island Sound, and established steamboats and other con- 

 nections between New York and California. In 1864. he 

 withdrew his capital from shipping and invested it in 

 railroads. He secured the management of one railroad 

 after another and. in 1877. controlled stocks repreaenSne 

 an aggregate capital of SISO.OOO.O.H). of wXcThe^wnSJ 

 fully one-half In 1861 , he presented the swift SSOU 000 

 steamship Vanderbllt" to the United States Govern- 

 ment to be used for the capture of Confederate privateers 

 and , 9 1872, founded the Vanderbilt University i,,' 

 SooST 1 T A 7 n i' T th $5 f OO.00 afterward S^SSd 

 , 00.000 At the time of his death in New York City 



nn 1877 ^K hlS fortune wa f *iniated at m-ariv 

 00, and he was supposed to be the richest mail 



VannYrbilt, William Kissam, capitalist; born iu 

 Staten Island, December 12, 1849; academic education- 

 studied several years in Geneva, Switzerland WasTn 

 the : office of C. C. Clarke, treasurer of Hudson Hiver 



. . , son ver 



nf NW * l a ^ net l b pL k keeping; second vice-presi.i.-nt 

 %{ Ne ^ Y ork Central & Hudson River Railroad. LS77- 

 83. Chairman of board of directors of Lake Shore & 

 Michigan Southern Railway, from 1883. Member of 

 U>loma and Defender syndicates; united with his broth- 

 ers in founding the Vanderbilt Clinic. One of the organ- 

 izers of Metropolitan Club. Member of UnioS *and 

 other leading cluos of New York; has traveled exten- 



R Ve y ' H D N eCt r v f ? 6 TJ rk Central & HudSn R^ 

 Railroad, New York Chicago & St. Louis Railroad 

 ^^Pf^'r Mlchl gan. Central Railroad Company, 1 ake 

 Erie & Western Railroad Company, Chicago & North- 

 western Railway Company, Chicago. St. Paul, Minneap- 

 olis & Omaha Railway Company, Cleveland, Cincinnati, 

 Chicago & St. Louis Railway Company, Detroit & Cni- 

 cago Railroad Company, New York & Harlem Railroad 

 (president), Pittsburgh & Lake Erie Railroad Company 

 West Shore Railroad Company, The Pullman Company 

 Lincoln National Bank, and officer or director in numer- 

 ous railway and financial corporations 



Van Dyck, or Vandyke, Sir Anthony (v&n-dlk), a 

 painter of the Flemish school, distinguished by his sur- 

 Pa QQ mg ^ x , cellence in Portraiture; was born in Antwerp. 

 1599, and became a pupil of Rubens. In 1633, he became 

 court painter to Charles I. of England, was knighted 

 by that monarch married a daughter of the Earl of 

 Uowne, and lived in great magnificence. His "Cruci- 



. , an urens renomnation for 



the presidency was defeated by General Harrison, and in 

 1841, he temporarily retired into private life. His third 

 th n ^ a l Ure f r J he Praidency, in 1844, was frustrated by 



th cy, n , was rustrated by 



the Southern vote, and he subsequently seceded from the 

 Democrats to become a Free-soifer, and the unsuccessful 

 in 184? Died e 1862 " ^^ ^ ^ pre8idential ele ction 

 Vanderbilt, Cornelius, American capitalist- born 

 near Stapleton, Staten Island, N Y., if ay 27 1794 

 L e T n P^ d Ji n Kr 8tea J [lb P at transportation between 

 Staten Island and New York and so enlarged his business 

 that he soon gamed the complete control of the New York 

 and Staten Island lines, later, he started steamboats 



Van Dyke, Henry Jackson, an American educator; 

 born m Germantown, Pa., in 1852; was graduated at 

 Princeton University in 1873, at the Princeton Theo- 

 I8 g 7 Senary m 1877 and at Berlin University in 

 ^'.: and soon afterward assumed the pastorate of the 

 United Congregational Church in Newport, R. I. He 

 was chosen pastor of the Brick Presbyterian Church in 

 ionn E u y in J 882 ', and continued in that charge till 

 1900, when he resigned to become professor of English 

 .Literature in Princeton University. His publications 

 include: "The Reality of Religion," "The Poetry of 

 Tennyson,:^" The^ Ruling Passion," "The Blue Flower/' 



. Van Dyke, John Charles, author, educator; born 

 in New Brunswick, N. J., April 21, 1856- pr vatelv 

 ? d .^ ated ; J 8tudied at Columbia (L H -D., Rutgers 

 1899) Admitted to New York bar, 1877, but turned, 

 attention to literature; since 1878, librarian of Sag* 

 Library, New Brunswick, N. J.; studied art many years 

 in Europe; traveled much on both continents and has 

 written extensively on both art and nature; professor 

 of history of art, Rutgers College; lecturer in Columbia, 

 Harvard Princeton, etc. Editor "The Studio," 1883- 

 84; Art Review," 1887-88; "College Histories of Art," 



History of American Art." Author: "Books and 

 How to Use Them '" Principles of Art," "How to 

 Judge of a Picture, "Notes on Sage Library," "Serious 

 Art in America," "Art for Art's Sake," "History of 

 Painting " "Old Dutch and Flemish Masters," "Modern 

 hrench Masters, "Nature for Its Own Sake," "The 



f! er n i - Itahan .Painting," "Old English Masters,' 1 

 with Coles engravings, "The Meaning of Pictures " 



Velas quez. Diego Rodriguez de Silvay, born in 

 Seville in 1599; a distinguished Spanish painter. He 

 was principal painter to Philip IV., to whom he became 

 ilso chamberlain. His works consist chiefly of por- 

 raits, and of historical and classical subjects. Died in 

 Madrid, August 7, 1660. 



Vesalius, Andreas, anatomist; born in Brussels in 



514; accompanied Charles V. in his campaigns as 



physician, and also attended Philip II. He died in 1564, 



in ^ante, where he had been wrecked on his return from 



