GEOGRAPHY, TRAVEL, ARCHITECTURE 



571 





has its loftiest summits within it. The whole 

 country teems with mineral wealth, the min- 

 erals including, in greater or less quantities, gold, 

 silver, quicksilver, lead, copper, iron, xinc, 

 calamine, antimony, tin, coal, etc. The ex- 

 ploitation of the minerals has, however, in recent 

 been mostly accomplished by foreign 

 capital, while most of the ore is exported to 

 foreign countries in its raw state. About one- 

 six tli of the acreage is under wdbd; the more 

 remarkable trees _being the Spanish chestnut 

 and several varieties 01 oak, and in particular 

 the cork oak. Fruits are extremely abundant, 

 and include, in addition to apples, pears, cherries 

 plums, peaches, and apricots, the almond, date, 

 tiir. orange, citron, olive, and pomegranate; 

 and in the lower districts, the pineapple and 

 banana. The culture of the vine is general, and 

 great quantities of wine are made, both for 

 home consumption and exportation. The more 

 important farm crops are wheat, rice, maize. 

 barley, and legumes. In the south, cotton and 

 sugar cane are grown. Hemp, flax, esparto, 

 the mulberry for rearing silk worms, saffron, 

 licorice, are also to be mentioned. 



M. Louis, chief city of Missouri, on the 

 west bank of the Mississippi River, twenty miles 

 south of the mouth of the Missouri, is the fourth 

 city in the Tinted States in population, and the 

 ci>mmercial metropolis of the Mississippi Valley. 

 The city is built on rising ground, comprising 

 three terraces, the highest of which is 200 feet 

 above the level of the river. The city owns an 



ve water-works system, costing $20,000,- 

 ooo. There are in all 873 miles of streets, of 

 which 432 miles are paved. The sewer system 

 covers 488 miles. St. Louis has a park system 

 \\hieh constitutes one of its most attractive 



s. The total area of the parks is 2,268 

 acres. Forest Park, which comprises 1,370 



is the largest, and although the land is 

 largely unimproved is probably the most beau- 

 tiful of the parks. Tower Grove Park, covering 



res in the southwestern part of the city, 

 was the donation of Henry Shaw, who also gave 

 tin- Missouri Botanical Garden. The 

 fair grounds, with 137 acres, contain a one- 

 mile race track, an amphitheater seating 40,000 

 l*-nple. many halls, etc. Carondelet and Lafay- 

 ette Parks are small but fine specimens of land- 

 scape gardening. The principal public build- 

 ings are the massive post-office and custom- 

 ng more than $6.500.01 M): the city 

 hall, built at a cost of $2,000,000; the court- 

 tin- union railroad station with a train 

 house covering t hirty t racks, and used by twenty- 



.irnad companies, erected at a < 



'.000; and the Chamber of Commerce 



building, costing $2,000,000. The St. Louis 



a massive structure, was completed in 



T a cost of over $10,000,000. It consists 



of three spans, the center one being 520 feet 



nd the dt her two 500 feet each. The 



ipon which these spans rest are built of 

 limestone carried down to bed rock. The main 

 passage for the accommodation of pedestrians, 

 i> fifty-four feet wide, and below this are two 

 Us. The merchant's bridge, three 

 inili-s north, was completed in l.x'.M) at a cost of 

 $3,000,000. The latter is used exclusively for 



railroad traffic. The favorable location of St. 

 Louis in the heart of the vast and fertile Missis- 

 sippi Valley makes it one of the greatest com- 

 mercial cities in the United States. There is an 

 immense trade in breadstuffs, grain, provisions, 

 lumber, hides, fur, agricultural products, manu- 

 factured articles, etc. There are about 7,000 

 manufacturing establishments, with a com- 

 bined capital of about $150,000,000, and em- 

 ploying upward of 100,000 persons. It is one 

 of the largest tobacco manufacturing cities in 

 the world. The city has direct communication 

 with more than 6,000 miles of rivers. A con- 

 siderable amount of its foreign trade is entered 

 and cleared at New Orleans. The institutions 

 of higher education are Washington Univer 

 ! St. Louis University (Roman Catholic), the 

 College of the Christian Brothers, St. Louis 

 School of Fine Arts, Maria Consilia Convent, 

 , training school for nurses, several medical 

 colleges, dental college, theological seminaries 

 i (Lutheran and Evangelical Lutheran), manual 

 1 training school, the State school for the blind, 

 land the St. Louis day school for deaf mute-. 

 ! Population, 750,000. 



Stockholm, the capital of the kingdom 

 of Sweden ; on several islands and the" adjacent 

 mainland, between a bay of the Baltic and Lake 

 Malar; in a situation that is accounted one of 

 the most picturesque in Europe. The nucleus 

 of Stockholm is an island in mid-channel called 

 "The Town"; on it stand the imposing royal 

 palace (1697-1754); the principal church 

 Nicholas), in which the kinirs are crowned: the 

 House of the Nobles (1648-1670), in which that 

 class hold their periodical meetings; the town 

 house; the ministries of the kingdom: and the 

 principal wharf, a magnificent granite quay, 

 fronting east. Immediately west of the central 

 island lies the Knights' Island; it is almost en- 

 tirely occupied with public buildings, as 

 | houses of parliament; the old Franciscan 

 ! Church, in which all the later sovereigns of 

 .Sweden have been buried: the royal 

 and the chief law courts of the kingdom. 1 

 is considerable industry in the making of 

 tobacco, silks and ribbons, candles, linen, cotton. 

 and leather, and there are large iron foundries 

 and machine shops. The water approach' 

 I the city are in general rendered inacee ible by 

 j ice during three or four months every winter: 

 ; but to remedy this defect it is proposed to build 

 ! a new harbor at Nynas on the Ma IT 

 thirty miles to the south. In spite of the winter 

 drawback Stockholm is the .seat of a trade sulli- 

 cient to bring; an average of 1,760 vessels of 

 ; 635,000 tons into the p- carrying 



principally grain (wheat and fy< !.-ur. 



herrings, oils and oilcake, cork, groceries, metals, 

 and wine and spirits .imports. The commod- 

 ities exported consist chielly of iron and steel. 

 oats and tar. Though Stockholm was founded 

 t was not made the 



capital of Sweden till comparatively modern 

 times. Since then, however, it has grown rap 

 idly. Population, 302,462. 



St. Peter's, the Cathedral of Home, the 

 largest and one of the most magnificent chut 

 in Christendom. 1 .< it"rm building in 



the Italian style, surmounted by a lofty d- 



