

GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS 635 



the Presidency in the order in which the Executive Departments are named below; but 

 such officer must be constitutionally eligible to the Presidency, and not under impeachment. 



THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS 

 Department of State. Has charge of foreign affairs. 

 Treasury Department. Has charge of fiscal affairs. 



'tmcnt of War. Has charge of the Army and military affairs. 



rtment of Justice. Has charge of the legal affairs of the Government. 



office Department. Has charge of postal affairs. 



/ Detriment. Has charge of the Navy and naval affairs. 



rtment of the Interior. Has charge of domestic affairs, including public lands, pensions, 



patents, Bureau of Education, etc. 



Dt'}Mirtmt'nt of Agriculture. Has charge of agricultural affairs, including Weather Bureau, etc. 

 Department of Commerce and Labor. Has charge of domestic and foreign affairs, relating to com- 



merce, transportation, Department of Labor, etc. 



THE CABINET 



>sed of the Heads of the Executive Departments. 



A}>]>inted by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. 

 Salary. Fixed by law at $12,000 per year for each member of the Cabinet. 



THE PRESIDENT AND LEGISLATION 

 / Congress become laws : 

 When signed (approved) by the President; or, 

 By his failure to make objections in writing (veto) within ten days after any act is submitted 



to him, unless Congress by adjournment within that time prevents its return; but 

 Congress has power to pass a law over the President's veto by a vote of two-thirds of each House. 



THE JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT 

 JUDGES OF THE UNITED STATES COURTS 



Appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. 



ire of Office. During life or good behavior; but may retire on full salary after reaching the 

 age of seventy years, and after ten years' service on the bench. 



THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES 

 A Chief Justice and Eight Associate Justices. 

 ies. Chief Justice, $13,000; Associate Justices, each $12,500. 

 - of Court. One each year, beginning on the second Monday in October. 

 nl Jurisdiction: 



In all cases affecting Ambassadors, Ministers, and Consuls. 

 In all cases in which a State is a party. 

 Appellate Jurisdiction: In cases of law and equity where the Inferior Courts have original juris- 



diction. with such exceptions and regulations as Congress has made. 



The Chief Justice. Presides over the Senate when it sits as a Court of Impeachment for the trial 

 of the President. 



INFERIOR COURTS 

 Jurisdiction: 



In cases between citizens of different States. 



In rases in which the United States is a party. 



In cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction. 



In trials for crimes against the United States; but tin- trial of < rime-, must be by jury, and must 



be held in the State where the crime was committed. 



Appeals to the Supreme Court may be had in all cases of law and equity, with such exceptions 

 and regulations as Congress has in 



KINDS OF INFERIOR COURTS 

 United States Circuit Courts of Appeals: - 



< MiMin/.od in 1891 to relieve the United States Supreme Court in Appellate 

 Numl>er. One in each .Judicial Circuit. 



Mibers. Three judges selected from the Circuit and District Courta. 

 N/fi/ca Circuit Courts: 



Number of Circuits. Nine. 



Number of Judges. Each Circuit has two, three, or four Circuit Judges, and a Justice of 



the Supreme Court is assigned to each Circuit. The District Judge also may sit in a 



Circuit Court. 



Salary of Circuit Judges. Fixed by law at $7,000 per year. 

 fed States District Courts: 

 Number of Districts. One or more in each State. At present (1906) there are eeventy- 



three Judicial Districts. 

 Salary of District Judge. Fixed by law at $6,000 per year. 



