

Fig 7 but when the plant first expands the depressions are filled 

 evenlv 'with the greenish gleba and appear smooth (as Fig. 1). At 

 first the gleba is firm and almost odorless. At it deliquesces it becomes 

 most excessively fetid, and the plant has a very unsavory reputation 

 on that account It is known to every French peasant under the name 

 "Satyre," or "impudique." 



HISTORY The plant was named Phallus impudicus in Linnaeus's Species 

 Plantarum (1753), and has generally borne that name. Some of the old writers 

 have calkd i Phallus vulgaris, volvatus, and foetidus. In recent works it is 

 frequenth designated "Ithyphallus impudicus (Linn.) Fries," but as previously 

 stated i we see no occasion for a "new genus." and if advertisements are employed 

 hey should be employed correctly, viz.: "Ithyphallus impudicus (Linn) Fischer. 

 An Old Dutch botanist, Hadrian, drew a bizarre figure of a phallus in 1564. 

 It was either a very droll figure of Phallus impudicus, or a figure of a very 

 droll anomaly of Phallus impudicus. This figure was copied in many of t 

 old herbals of Europe, and Ventenat based on it the name of Phallus Hadrian 

 and Nees reproduced the figure and called it Hymenophallus Hadnani. Although 

 I think no one else ever found such a droll anomaly, it was carried in European 

 books for two hundred years, and we find the species given as late as billet 

 (1787) Professor Fischer has the credit, I believe, of exposing this old table. 

 In England a form of Phallus impudicus was found that was said to have t 

 odor of violets, and was called Phallus iosmos. It has been dropped from the 

 latest English works, and there is a suspicion that it had its origin in so 

 defective olfactory nerves. 



DISTRIBUTION EUROPE. Phallus impudicus is widely spread and very 

 common over the most of Europe. 



AMERICA. I do not feel sure that the type form occurs in the United 

 States. All the specimens I have seen belong to the next form, Phallus 

 perialis. The early records (Schweinitz) were almost surely based on Phallus 

 Ravenelii. Some of the recent records of Phallus impudicus (Dr. Herbst s 

 Flora, for instance) are probably based on Phallus duplicatus, which had acci- 

 dentally lost its veil. 



JAPAN. Professor Fischer received a specimen from Japan, which he had 

 doubtfully referred here. 



AUSTRALIA. At Kew there is one specimen so referred, which was sent 

 by F. M. Bailey, Queensland. Mr. Bailey has a note with it, that he never 

 saw but a single specimen. It is decidedly more yellowish than the European 

 plant, and has a broader, bell-shaped pileus. It appears to me very doubtful, 

 and Professor Fischer has expressed the same opinion. 



EAST INDIES. In Hooker's herbarium there is a very small and very doubtful 

 specimen so named. 



JAVA. Ithyphallus costatus, as illustrated by Penzig. seems to me a form 

 of Phallus impudicus. The reticulations of the pileus appear deeper and more, 

 winged, which is all the difference I can note. In Professor Fischer's key the' 

 difference is stated to be the absence of a rudimentary veil, but Penzig has nof 

 direct notes on this point, and Professor Fischer is evidently quite in doubt as tot 

 its distinctness from Phallus impudicus. 



PHALLUS I M PERIALIS. The chief difference between this plant and 

 the previous is that Phallus imperialis has a pink volva and a smaller stature. 

 Monsieur Boudier tells me he also notes a difference in habitat and in odon 

 of the plants about Paris. Phallus imperialis is certainly only a form $f| 



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