Additional Notes on the Ly coper dons of Europe. 



Most of the work that we have done with Lycoperdons has been 

 with dried specimens received from our correspondents. Last season 

 at Barbizon, France, we made the personal acquaintance of some species 

 growing that we had heretofore only known dried. Fresh Lycoperdons 

 present characters that can not be learned from the dried specimens. 

 We have always been under the impression that most Lycoperdons are 

 white when young. At Barbizon we observed two species. Lycoperdon 

 atropurpureum and Lycoperdon nigrescens. which have cortices that are 

 brotvn even when very young. 



LYCOPERDON GEMMATUM (Plate 46). Our main reason 

 for again noticing this common species is to present a photograph 

 (Fig. 164) which we think represents the plant unusually well. Also 



Fig. 164. 



Fig. 165. 



a figure of the young cortex I enlarged four times) to show the peculiar 

 nature of the consolidated warts which we hold is the essential character 

 of Lycoperdon gemmatum. The warts of this species are very variable 

 as to size, etc. (cfr. Myc. Notes, page 228). but the species can always 

 be recognized, especially when young, by the soldered warts such as no 

 other species has. 



LYCOPERDOX XIGRESCEXS (Plates 47. 60 and 123). We 

 found this plant at Barbizon. France, but had previously collected it 

 in Sweden. In both countries it seemed to us peculiar in its habitat. 

 It does not grow in grassy fields or in rich, shady woods, but in open, 

 dry, mossy places. The cortex of Lycoperdon ' nigrescens is brown, 



338 



