In Europe Favolus europaeus is quite rare. It does not occur in England 

 nor further west than the Alps. In France it is found, rarelv, in the Jura 

 extending east and south into Italy. It usually grows on Juglans" or Moras. 



History. In Europe it was first noticed by De Candolle and called Merulius 

 alveolanus. 2 Fries called it Favolus europaeus. Two collections reached Europe 

 from America, both of which were discovered to be new species Klotzsch 

 found it in Hooker's herbariums and named it Favolus Canadensis. This name 

 has been largely used in the United States, in fact it is only in recent years 

 that its identity with the European plant has been unquestioned. Montagne 

 called it Favolus Ohiensis. Berkeley usually referred our American plant to 

 Favolus Boucheanus, 4 and he also named a "var. peponinus" which is exactly 

 the type form as far as I can see. American collections referred to Favolus 

 alutaceus 5 are also this plant. 



FORMS. 



As previously stated, Favolus europaeus which is at first covered with a 

 bright, reddish cuticle, gradually loses this cuticle and becomes in the end 

 smooth and white. These are not forms, though likely to be so taken, but are 

 conditions. One of our figures is an intermediate condition. The following 

 is, however, a good form. 



FAVOLUS MICROSPORUS (Fig. 257). This is only a small-pored form 



Flo. 257 

 Favolus microsporus and the pores (x6). 



of Favolus europaeus, having all the other characters of the type form except 

 smaller pores. Sometimes I have noticed both forms in the same collection. 

 The small pored form is much rarer, however. 



History. This small-poreci form has long been known in American my- 

 cology, and usually considered as a form of europaeus hardly worthy of a 

 separate name. Professor Peck sent it to Fries thirty years ago, and our 

 photograph is from his specimen in the museum at Upsala. It was the basis 

 of Polyporus Boucheanus in Morgan's work. Recently Mr. Murrill discovered 



2 I think no one has seen De Candolle's specimens, but his remarks seem to apply to it. 

 and besides Fries cites it, and it is this plant in the usual date-dictionary sense. I think it 

 was Quelet that first produced the dates. 



3 The specimen is still in good condition, and there are poor specimens at Berlin. 



4 He evidently never knew the European species, which does not grow in England. It 

 has been known for some time that Favolus Boucheanus in the sense of Berkeley was Favolus 

 europaeus, hence in compilations Favolus Boucheanus, "Klotzsch" is often given as a syno- 

 nym. Klotzsch's plant has no resemblance whatever to Favolus europaeus, and in the usual 

 classification is not even a Favolus. It is a Polyporus closely related to Polyporus squamosus. 



5 Whether the original Favolus alutaceus from Brazil is the same as europaeus or not, I 

 would not say, but to me the types look to be very close. Those so named from the United 

 States are surely the same as europaeus. I should add that on one occasion I made a collec- 

 tion near Cincinnati, which was young and in good condition, and which was yellowish, with- 

 out any reddish color, which we always associate with europaeus in its prime. It grew on 

 oak, I think; at any rate, I took it for Favolus europaeus, modified probably by a different host. 



' 19 



