Australia and New Zealand. 



I consider the phalloids of Australia and Xew Zealand for the most part 

 very imperfectly and inaccurately known. The new species were mostly pro- 

 posed forty or fifty years ago and illustrated by figures reconstructed from 

 dried specimens, often inaccurate it seems to me, and nothing since has been 

 learned of them. The subject has gotten into such a condition that the local 

 workers in these countries seem to be able to make but very little of their 

 species, and the result is there have been very few original papers by the 

 mycologists of these countries. It is time our friends there observed their 

 phalloids and gave us good accounts and photographs of them. If Australian 

 mycologists will take as a model the photographs and account given on page 

 42 by Professor D. .McAlpine, of Anthurus aseroeformis, and supply similar 

 photographs and accounts, it will only be a few years until we have a much 

 better knowledge of the subject. 



The two most frequent phalloids are Clathrus cibarius and Clathrus gracilis. 

 the former in New Zealand, the latter in Australia. Neither has been satis- 

 factorily illustrated. Anthurus aseroeformis, a rare species but well known, 

 due to Professor McAlpine. Phallus indusiatus is a frequent plant, but the 

 forms and color forms are not worked out. The genus Aseroe is at home in 

 Australia. It seems to take very different forms, but their value in classifica- 

 tion is not known. With the -exception of the above, I consider all the other 

 Australian species more or less doubtful and little known, viz : Phallus im- 

 pudicus, Phallus rubicundus, Phallus multicolor, Phallus callichrous, Phallus 

 Rochesterensis, Phallus discolor, Phallus calyptratus, Phallus retusus, Phallus 

 quadricolor, Mutinus pentagonus, Mutinus curtus, Mutinus papuasius, Jansia 

 annulata, Lysurus Australiensis, Lysurus (unnamed), Anthurus Muellerianus, 

 Anthurus Archeri, Aseroe (all the five recorded forms, rubra, pentactina, 

 Hookeri, Muelleriana, lysuroides), Laternea columnata (very ??), Pseudocplus 

 Rothae, Clathrus pusillus, Simblum Mulleri. In addition, there is a curious 

 species, Clautriavia Lauterbachii, only known from an egg from the neighbor- 

 ing island of New Guinea, and a pale Aseroe (pallida) is recorded from New 

 Caledonia. 



Samoa. 



I have spent two winters in Samoa and have hunted the fungi thoroughly. 

 I am satisfied that Phallus indusiatus is the only common phalloid that grows on 

 the island, and it is not at all rare. In the museum at Berlin is a specimen labeled 

 Clathrus gracilis (and it seems to be correct), also a Mutinus (unnamable). 

 Both genera must be very rare in Samoa, as I found neither. 



Africa. 



Many years ago Simblum periphragmoides was well illustrated from 

 Mauritius, and was only recently found again. A slender form is very 

 frequent in the East Indies. Kalchbrennera corallocephala, a most striking 

 species, was well illustrated by Kalchbrenner thirty years ago. Phallus in- 

 dusiatus is a common species and has reached me several times from Africa. 

 Colus hirudinosus occurs in North Africa. Lysurus Woodii, Laternea Ango- 

 lensis, Phallus subacutus, and Phallus canariensis were imperfectly published 

 years ago, and nothing has been added to them since. 



In recent years Africa has been a fertile field for "new species," but the 

 work has not been done as it should have been. Such work would have 

 passed forty years ago, but it is out of date now. The following have been 

 added, mostly in this manner, in comparatively recent years : Floccomutinus 

 Zenkeri, Phallus rubicundus (?), Clathrus camerunensis, Clathrus pseudocan- 

 cellatus, Clathrus Preussii, Clathrus gracilis (?), Simblum clathratum, Pseudo- 

 colus fusiformis, Phallus callichrous, Clathrus cibarius (?). Fine specimens of 

 many of these are in alcohol in the museum at Berlin. 



74 



