A NATIONAL PLAN FOR AMERICAN FORESTRY 103 



EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES UNDER SUSTAINED YIELD 



FORESTRY 



IN EUROPE 



For European countries, where many forests have been under sus- 

 tained yield management for a long time, there is considerable infor- 

 mation on employment in forestry and forest industries. 



In Denmark, 750,000 acres of forest furnished employment in 1912 

 equivalent to full-time work for about 6,000 persons, or one worker 

 to 125 acres. The actual number employed was considerably greater, 

 because much of the work was seasonal, part-time work. Few, even 

 of the regular forest workers, are employed in forest work for more than 

 200 days a year. During the remaining time most of them work on 

 farms. 



In Sweden, employment averages about 1 man to 400 acres in the 

 south and 1 man to 1,400 acres in the less productive forests of the 

 north. 



In 1927 the State forests of Prussia gave work to 143,600 men and 

 women. For the majority of these the forest work was supplementary 

 to agricultural or other employment, for the men worked an average 

 of only 98 days and the women .29 days. The total was equivalent 

 to about 33,000 year-long employees for the 5,500,000 acres of forest, 

 or 1 to 167 acres. By 1930 the ratio of employment was reduced to 

 194 acres per person. This includes logging, but not work in saw- 

 mills or other manufacturing industries. For all of Germany, with 

 31,000,000 acres of forest, from 1,500,000 to more than 2,000,000 

 persons are employed part or full time in forestry, logging and wood- 

 using industries. 



In Austria about 1 person for every 100 acres of forest is engaged 

 in forest work and if transportation, manufacture and wood-working 

 industries are included, 1 for every 30 acres. 



For Czechoslovakia, including the industries, there is 1 worker 

 for every 35 to 50 acres. 



In Alsace-Lorraine, not including transportation and mill workers, 

 about 25,000 persons, mostly farmers, find part-time employment in 

 forestry and logging. This is equivalent to 1 full-time worker for 

 225 acres of forest. 



In Switzerland, the 1,700,000 acres of public forests give work to 

 nearly 10,000 full-time and about 30,000 part-time employees, equiva- 

 lent to perhaps 1 full-time worker for 100 acres. 



The figures for England are interesting because they show the 

 increase in amount of employment as forests develop from the plant- 

 ing stage to full production. The Thetford Forest is almost entirely 

 a planting project so far. When the area was taken over, about 6 

 gamekeepers were employed on the entire 26,500 acres. Since plant- 

 ing began the number of employees has averaged between 200 and 300, 

 including both full-time and part-time workers. The Forest of Dean, 

 which contains some mature timber but is not yet fully stocked, gives 

 work to 381 men in forest and sawmill on less than 20,000 acres. 

 When the forest is fully productive it is estimated that there will be 

 work for about 700. The Tin tern Forest, which has been under man- 

 agement for 30 years and is well stocked, gives work at the rate of 

 1 full-time employee to 35 acres. This includes silvicultural work, 



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