A NATIONAL PLAN FOB AMERICAN FORESTRY 203 



cutting area to another, are in general use. Similarly, donkey engines 

 and all logging equipment are moved on scows and floats. 



The extensive forest resources of southeastern Alaska are likely to 

 be exploited chiefly for the manufacture of newsprint paper, because 

 of the favorable conditions there for large-scale operations that now 

 characterize that industry. Conditions are not so good, however, 

 for other branches of the paper industry, or for the extensive manu- 

 facture of lumber. 



It is estimated that the forests of southeastern Alaska, under a 

 proper system of management, can produce in the neighborhood of 

 1 % million cords of pulpwood annually in perpetuity. Converted into 

 newsprint this represents a production of 1 million tons, or more than 

 one fourth of the present yearly consumption of newsprint in the 

 United States. 



NAVAL-STORES TIMBER 



Under the general term " Naval Stores" are included turpentine 

 and rosin. In the United States these two commodities are all 

 derived from longleaf and slash pine timber in the group of States 

 from North Carolina to Texas. About 87 percent of the product is 

 manufactured from the gum gathered from the living pine tree and is 

 known as gum turpentine and rosin. The remaining 13 percent is 

 distilled from the pitchy stumps and down wood left after logging, 

 and is known as wood turpentine and rosin. In considering the 

 availability of naval-stores resources these two sources of naval stores 

 must be kept in mind. 



The longleaf -slash pine forests of the South are now almost entirely 

 second growth; of the total area of this type of forest only about 5 

 percent is old-growth timber. The naval-stores belt embraces the 

 entire type, which extends in a broad band from central North Carolina 

 southwestward, parallel to the coast, through North and South Caro- 

 lina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and eastern 

 Texas. (Fig. 2 of section, "Forest Land the Basic Resource.") Of 

 the total area of nearly 52 million acres, it is estimated that 27 per- 

 cent is either denuded or unsatisfactorily restocked; 5.6 percent is 

 old-growth saw timber; and the remainder, or 67.4 percent, is in 

 second-growth longleaf and slash pine stands of varying ages, sizes, 

 and degrees of stocking. The 35 million acres or so which the exist- 

 ing young stands cover is mainly in Georgia and Florida. 



The area of greatest production is even smaller. Over 80 percent 

 of American gum naval stores is now produced from a forest area of 

 approximately 13 million acres in southeast Georgia and north Florida, 

 where the timber is almost entirely second growth. The chief reason 

 for this concentration of the industry on only about a quarter of the 

 total area in the naval-stores belt is that in this region the young 

 growth has more uniformly restocked the cut-over land and has had 

 more time to grow to workable size than elsewhere. The devastated 

 areas and the areas that are not restocking satisfactorily are found 

 to a greater extent in the more recently cut-over lands in Mississippi, 

 Louisiana, and Texas. 



Almost no naval-stores timber is inaccessible to operation. 

 Although there is, of course, a lower limit to the number of trees per 

 acre which it is profitable to turpentine, yet, if site quality and other 

 conditions are such that any second growth at all comes up, the result 



