A NATIONAL PLAN FOR AMERICAN FORESTRY 1199 



great forest regions to be exploited, and protection of mature stands 

 has been the principal need rather than the reforestation of denuded 

 areas. However, all three States are at present cooperating under 

 section 4 of the Clarke-McNary law in the establishment of nurseries 

 and distribution of planting stock to farmers. During the calendar 

 year 1931 they put $17,372 of State money into such work, but the 

 distribution was only 267,000 trees. Oregon led with a distribution 

 of 198,500 seedlings and transplants. 



Extension. California is the only one of this group of States 

 employing an extension forester under cooperative provisions of the 

 Clarke-McNary law. During the fiscal year 1931 it engaged in forest 

 extension work to the amount of $3,271. 



Blister-rust control. During the fiscal year 1932 all three States 

 provided funds for coopertive white pine blister rust control work, 

 spending a total of $35,750, which was of benefit to private owners. 



Insect control. In 1931 the State of Washington, one county, and 

 certain private forest interests combined to finance a $15,000 project 

 for the control of a hemlock looper infestation. An airplane was used 

 to dust 5,000 acres, and the Bureau of Entomology considered the 

 control project successful. The use of the airplane was unique as a 

 method of forest insect control. Of the total cost of the enterprise the 

 State contributed $6,810, the county $924, and the private owners 

 $7,266. 



While these States do not, in general, make direct funds available 

 for forest insect control, several have provided for means of control 

 by legislative enactments. When forest insect outbreaks occur, the 

 States are authorized to declare zones of infestation, and the owners 

 are required to provide control measures or funds. Pine beetle con- 

 trol projects under the provisions of the Oregon law have been under 

 way for several years. 



Research. State funds amounting to $31,500 were made available 

 during the fiscal year 1932 for research work, a total exceeded only 

 in the Middle Atlantic and Lake regions. California is outstanding 

 in the Pacific group in the amount of State aid extended for forest 

 research. As reflecting both public and private interest in forest 

 research problems, the State annually allots to the division of forestry 

 of the State university about $15,000 for forest research, and the 

 State and various counties cooperate with the Federal Forest Experi- 

 ment Station by contributing annually approximately $15,500. 

 A cooperative project in research on fire-fighting equipment was 

 recently financed by several of the Northwestern States. Washington 

 and Oregon each contributed $500 last year on this study. 



Legislation. Reforestation legislation which offers aid in the 

 stabilization of taxes on cut-over lands and second-growth timber is 

 provided in both Oregon and Washington. While such State aid 

 cannot be evaluated in monetary figures, its operation is of distinct 

 advantage to private owners of young timber. 



NORTH ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION 



Only the States of Idaho and Montana are included in this group 

 and both are extending State aid to private owners. Annual expendi- 

 tures for such aid are given in table 8. 



Fire protection. State funds that are made available for fire pro- 

 tection are used for the protection of State-owned rather than private 



