1336 A NATIONAL PLAN FOR AMERICAN FORESTRY 



is therefore possible to indicate only the total possible requirements if 

 all States were to cover present needs in full and not the exact amounts 

 that Congress should make available from the Federal Treasury from 

 year to year. How much can be used must be determined as the 

 States gradually increase their appropriations for the work. Tables 

 1 and 2 show what the requirements may be for the next 5- and the 

 next 20-year period. 



Likewise, in those States which make State aid contingent on a 

 definite showing of the expense by the landowners, the amount of 

 public funds called for will be contingent on what the owners are 

 prepared to match. 



AID IN PROTECTION AGAINST INSECTS 



The general situation as to insect attacks and a plan for meeting it 

 are discussed in the section of this report entitled " Protection Against 

 Forest Insects." Some phases of this job are on all fours with that of 

 protection against fire. The work logically divides into four main 

 classes; research, survey, local control, and control of attacks of 

 epidemic character. 



It is believed that public appropriations for survey and control 

 work should be so worded as to make them available for assistance in 

 the necessary research work. 



The survey and local control can be done largely by the field 

 organizations maintained for fire control, through extension of the 

 time of seasonal employees, provided men especially trained in insect 

 work are available for training and directing the fire control organiza- 

 tions in this work. 



Control of insect attacks that have reached epidemic character 

 call for emergency appropriations and special emergency forces. 

 These can be best directed by Federal agencies, because of the infre- 

 quent occurrence of such attacks in any given State and the interstate 

 aspects of such attacks. 



It is believed that the survey phase of insect control should be 

 financed by the public under the Federal aid system, with the Federal 

 Government and the State sharing expenditures at a ratio of not to 

 exceed 50 percent Federal. In actual control work on private land, 

 the owner will usually contribute to or pay the entire cost of the work 

 with supervision furnished by the State; and since insect attacks are 

 to a large extent confined to trees of merchantable size it is not be- 

 lieved that private expenditures should be recognized as reimbursable 

 by the Federal Government. No estimate of the private expenditures 

 involved are, therefore, included in the direct Federal and State aid 

 program. Estimates by experts in the Bureau of Entomology and 

 Forest Service men familiar with field conditions indicate the need of 

 approximately $500,000 annually for work of this kind on State and 

 privately owned lands. The organization needed for the work now 

 exists in part, and could be expanded to meet the situation within a 

 5-year period. 



FEDERAL AID IN PLANTING 



In the section of the report entitled " Reforestation of Barren and 

 Unproductive Lands" the need is shown for a very greatly expanded 

 program of Federal, State, and private planting if all of the forest 

 lands of the country are to be made productive and are otherwise to 

 measure up to their full possibilities in social and economic service. 



