1566 A NATIONAL PLAN FOB AMERICAN FORESTRY 



attacks and to the use of parasitic insects as means of controlling 

 insects injurious to forests. It has been demonstrated to be quite 

 possible to import beneficial insects from one country or section of a 

 country to another, establish them, and obtain effective control 

 through their activities. 



The maximum annual appropriation for Federal investigations in 

 forest entomology authorized by the McSweeney-McNary Act is 

 $350,000. The gradual annual increases authorized by this act should 

 take care of the most imperatively needed studies for some 5 years to 

 come. 



RESEARCH IN NAVAL STORES BY THE BUREAU OF CHEMISTRY 



AND SOILS 



Research in naval stores is being conducted by the Bureau of 

 Chemistry and Soils. The work includes the development and 

 demonstration of improved processes for preparing naval stores, in- 

 cluding the weighing, handling, transportation, and uses of these 

 products. A naval stores laboratory has been established on the 

 Osceola National Forest, near Lake City, Fla., and approximately 

 $31,000 has been made available for the investigations during the 

 current fiscal year. 



RESEARCH IN FOREST BIOLOGY BY THE BIOLOGICAL SURVEY 



The important place of game and other wild life in forest manage- 

 ment gives rise to the need of research in forest biology. The sec- 

 tion "Wild Life a Forest Resource" indicates directions in which re- 

 search is required. Research in this field is complicated by the great 

 variations both in the composition of the forest and in the animal 

 population. How much game of different kinds can be supported on 

 given areas of forest land is a question that requires very much more 

 definite and complete knowledge than now exists as to animal require- 

 ments, the availability of appropriate food and cover, and related 

 subjects. The balance between different forms of wild life, as be- 

 tween game animals and animals that feed upon game, embraces 

 another important class of problems. Game management research 

 in forest biology has a much larger field ahead than that which it has 

 been able to cover in the past. The increase of hunting, and par- 

 ticularly the growing recognition that under proper management 

 game can be maintained perpetually as a resource on forest and wild- 

 land areas, have brought biological research to the fore. 



Certain small animals apparently are beneficial silviculturally, 

 because they feed on forest insects; on the other hand, rodents of 

 various kinds frequentlv do much damage to the reproduction of 

 forest trees. Both the i>eneficial and the destructive small animals 

 are the prey of others, so that protection of the latter may in some 

 cases benefit, in others injure, the forest. 



Similar questions exist as to birds, some of which are valuable 

 game, others predatory. Birds are known to affect forest conditions 

 and values in innumerable ways. They destroy large quantities of 

 harmful insects and perhaps beneficial ones as well. They distribute 

 tree seed broadcast, and probably play a considerable part in the dis- 

 tribution of tree diseases. Predatory birds destroy rodents and other 

 small mammals as well as other birds. Here again the biological 



