yii BRITISH 



unusual breadth beyond the middle, and the cilia very long, so that 

 the distance from the costa to the anal angle is greater than is usual 

 in other species of this group. He also says that the male may be 

 distinguished from the other allied species independently of the form 

 of the wings, by the paler greyer colour of the anterior wings, and 

 from X. arcuata, which is also grey, by the darker hind tarsi ; the 

 female may be generally recognised by the brown frontal tuft ; besides, 

 in the other species, the fascia runs rather obliquely from the costa 

 to beyond the middle, is generally refracted below the middle, 

 and is further from the base to the inner margin than on the 

 costa. From X. atricollis, which sometimes has the fascia of almost 

 the same form, the longer antennae serve to distinguish it. Fletcher con- 

 siders that JY. agrimoniae appears to connect X. ar//>/rope:a (apicellaj to 

 the group to which X. anyulifasdella belongs, the male resembling the 

 former, the smaller darker female with its brighter fascia resembling 

 the latter. 



MINE. The mine forms a long, tortuous, rather broad, brown 

 gallery, which often expands into a blotch that sometimes fills an 

 entire leaflet (Heyden). Heinemann notes it as long and tortuous, 

 with a slender excreuiental track. Fletcher mentions that from 20-40 

 mines may often be found in a single leaf of Ayrinwnia eni>atoria, 

 preference being shown for the radical and lower cauline leaves of 

 those plants well sheltered by brambles. 



LARVA. The larva is greenish -yellow, with brownish head and 

 brownish spots on prothorax. Heyden notes : " Raupe weniger nieder- 

 gedriickt, glatt, glanzend, griinlichgelb. Kopf briiunlichgelb mit 

 braunen Flecken und dunkelm Mund. Nackenschild mit zwei brauneu 

 Flecken." 



COCOON. The cocoon is placed inside the mine, generally in one of 

 the serrations of the leaf. Its colour appears to vary, as Frey calls it 

 " blackish," Herrich-Schiiffer " a beautiful violet," Heinemann 

 " violet-coloured," whilst Heyden notes the cocoon as a " flat, oval, 

 yellowish-white or brownish structure." 



FOOD-PLANT. Ayrimonia eupatoria. 



TIME or APPEARANCE. The species appears to be single-brooded. 

 Larvae and cocoons were first discovered by Hoffmann, at Ratisbon, 

 in the middle of October, 1857. Some of these sent to Frey pro- 

 duced imagines in April, 1858. Larvse were also very abundant from 

 the middle of September until the end of October, 1858, in shady 

 woods, near Frankfort-on-the-Main and Offenbach, and these pro- 

 duced imagines at the end of May (Heyden). It was added to the 

 British list by Fletcher, who found larvae in October-November, 1879, 

 in Sussex, and bred imagines from these in the following spring. 

 Herrich-Schaffer says that the imago appears in the spring, a week 

 or two later than that of X. aeneofasciella. 



LOCALITIES. SUSSEX : Abbott's Wood (Fletcher). 



DISTRIBUTION. France : Nohaut, Indre (Sand). Germany: Ratis- 

 bon (Hoffmann), Frankfort-on-the-Main and Offenbach (Heyden), 

 Wolfenbiittel (Heinemann), Brunswick and Silesia (Heinemann and 

 Wocke), Alt Damm (Hering). 



GROUP V. Cilia of the anterior wings with a distinct or indicated 

 divisional line, beyond which they are pale. Anterior wings with a 



