ANTHROCERA. 421 



I. A.purpuralis (wwas). 1. UNCUS: Two pointed lobes longer than 

 in trifolii, but not produced into horns. 2. RASPS. Dorsal rasp : Tongue- 

 shaped band of teeth, about twice as long as wide. Large teeth, 8-4 in 

 each row. The lateral rows of teeth meet, forming a bridge across 

 the central area. Teeth of central area, except at this bridge, are 

 without points, being scale-like plates of chitin. Ventral rasp : Very 

 wide, widening towards apex ; in width about equalling dorsal rasp. 

 Contains some hundreds of small teeth, those of the base many-pointed, 

 some being studded over with minute points. 3. WALL OF PENIS con- 

 tains no horn-like teeth, but near the apex (when retracted) are two 

 patches of small spines. 



II. A. exulans. 1. UNCUS: Strong and horn-like processes, narrow- 

 ing much more gradually than in filipendulae or viciae. Thickened 

 along median borders. 2. RASPS. Dorsal rasp : Tongue-shaped, 

 elongated and narrow. Large teeth, about ten in each row. Rows 

 unite across central area. Ventral rasp : Elongated band of teeth, 

 not widening noticeably towards apex, about as long as the dorsal rasp. 

 3. WALL OF PENIS contains no elongated, horn-like teeth, but has a 

 single elongated band of small spines near the apex (when retracted). 



III. A. i-iciae (meliloti). 1. UNCUS : Two processes, wide at base, 

 narrowing (more gradually than in A. filipendulae) to cylindrical curving 

 horns. Narrow part is about ^ width at base. The whole uncus is about 

 f length of that in A. filipendulae. 2. RASPS. Dorsal rasp : Much 

 narrower than in filipendulae, being about twice as long as broad. 

 Large teeth, about 8 in each row. Teeth of central area for the most 

 part many-pointed. Ventral rasp : Tongue-shaped patch of teeth, 

 narrowing towards apex, containing 70-80 teeth. 3. WALL OF PENIS 

 contains elongated, horn-like- teeth. 



IV. The following description applies both to A. lonicerae and A. 

 trifolii : 1. UNCUS : Two short triangular processes, about ^ length 

 in filipendulae , not produced into horns. 2. RASPS. Dorsal rasp : 

 General appearance as in Jilipendulae, but only about as long as wide. 

 Large teeth, 10-12 in each row. Rows approach each other at base 

 very little, leaving central area wide. Teeth of central area at base 

 mostly 1 -pointed, but towards apex many-pointed. 8. WALL OF PENIS 

 contains elongated, horn-like teeth. 



A. lonicerae and A. trifolii. Between specimens referred to A. 

 lonicerae and A. trifolii respectively there is no visible difference as 

 regards the male organs. I have examined a large series of specimens 

 sent by various persons, especially Mr. W. H. B. Fletcher, as A. trifolii, 

 A. lonicerae, or as hybrids between the two, and I can find no means 

 of distinguishing them. There are individual differences in number 

 of teeth, etc., but these variations are not correlated with the external 

 characters supposed to distinguish A. lonicerae from A. trifolii. Having 

 regard to the fact that species of Antkrocera can in general be easily 

 distinguished by the male characters, it must, I think, be admitted 

 that A. lonicerae and A. trifolii are not species in the sense that the 

 other Anthrocerid species are. 



V. A. filipendulae. 1. UNCUS as two processes, wide at the base, 

 narrowing rather abruptly, and continued backwards into long slender 

 horns. In the cylindrical part the horn is about ^ width at base. 

 2. RASPS. Dorsal rasp : length about 1 times width. Large teeth, 

 7-8 in each row. Rows approaching each other, but not meeting at 



