462 BRITISH LEPIDOPTEKA. 



surrounded by a whitish ring. There is another series of similar sub- 

 spiracular warts, but these appear to bear only five black points, 

 whilst a series of marginal warts of almost precisely similar size 

 and shape is found along the base of the prolegs. The prothoracic 

 spiracle is very distinct, situated well back, almost in the incision 

 between the pro- and rnesothorax. The warts on the thoracic seg- 

 ments seem almost identical with those on the abdominal segments, 

 except that, on the prothorax and mesothorax, the dorsals unite, and 

 the supraspiracular wart becomes rather prespiracular in position, as 

 also does the latter on the rnetathorax. Ventral view : The head is 

 ventral ; the body surface is very pale creamy-white, the segmental 

 incisions glassy-white ; the true legs yellowish, with a single dark 

 brown terminal claw, and a few short black hairs at the joints. 

 The prolegs transparent, white, with an inner flange of conspi- 

 cuous black hooks ; the anal prolegs similar to the others, but wider. 

 When the larva had passed four spring moults (? seventh instar), Briggs 

 described it (E.M.M., x., p. 117) as having the body pale greenish- 

 grey, with a few short white hairs scattered over it, and irrorated with 

 minute black tubercles. Head black, with the transverse upper lip, 

 the membrane at base of antennas, and articulations of the mouth, white. 

 The arrangement of the ground colour is into five lines, as in A. j/alu.strix 

 (trifolii-major), trifolii, lonicerae and jilipendulae, but these lines are 

 almost obsolete, though faintly distinguishable, with an indistinct, 

 pale, narrow, dorsal streak down the centre of the dorsal line. The 

 dorsal line is broad ; on each side of it, instead of the two large 

 black spots on each segment, more or less distinct or confluent, as in 

 the other species mentioned, the anterior spot only is present in the 

 form of a minute black spot on the anterior portion of each seg- 

 ment. Below this, on each side, is a broad line of the ground colour, 

 with an inconspicuous chrome-yellow spot in the fold, formed by 

 the hind margin of each segment. The lower (spiracular) row of 

 black spots is entirely absent, being replaced by the ground colour. 

 The spiracles black, encircled with first a white, then a black narrow 

 ring. No dusky marks above the prolegs, nor on the underside, except 

 a narrow black line round the base of each true leg, and the apex of each 

 proleg. The adult larva is diagnosed by Esper as being pubescent, of 

 a glaucous-green colour, with a white line running down the back, 

 and a yellow spot, with a small black one above it, marking each seg- 

 mental incision ; head and legs brownish-black, the prolegs of the 

 same colour as the body. Fletcher says that Esper's description 

 agrees with the larva of our British insect. Barrett describes (tint. 

 Lep., ii., p. 124) the larva as dull pale green in colour, with abundant 

 minute black points ; dorsal line broadly whitish-green, shaded off on 

 each side ; subdorsal line whitish, interrupted on each segment by a 

 distinct yellow spot, immediately above and behind which is a distinct 

 round black dot at the incision of each segment ; spiracular line very 

 indistinct whitish-green ; ordinary raised spots green, bearing tufts of 

 short downy white hairs ; spiracles black, with white rings ; legs and 

 prolegs greenish with a blackish ring. Before full growth the colour 

 is rather darker, and the subdorsal lines are interrupted by a very 

 bright yellow spot on each segment. The larva is said by Hering to 

 be much more delicately built than the other known Anthrocerid 

 larvae. He notes it as light greenish -yellow in colour, with fine hairs. 



