ORIGINAL BIOTA OF THE AMERICAS 



71 



(Citellus spp.), kangaroo-rats (Dido- 

 domys spp.), and pocket-mice (Perog- 

 nathus spp.). 



Breeding birds include the follow- 

 ing: upland plover, killdeer, Columbian 

 sharp-tailed grouse, sage hen, western 

 mourning dove, turkey vulture, sharp- 

 shinned hawk, Cooper's hawk, western 

 red-tail, red-bellied hawk, Swainson's 

 hawk, ferruginous rough-leg, prairie 

 falcon, Richardson's pigeon hawk, des- 

 ert sparrow hawk, short-eared owl, 

 spotted owl, burrowing owl, California 

 cuckoo, Sierra woodpecker, Batchelder's 

 woodpecker, red-shafted flicker, poor- 

 will, western nighthawk, black-chinned 

 hummingbird, broad-tailed humming- 

 bird, kingbird, Arkansas kingbird, cas- 

 sin kingbird, ash-throated flycatcher, 

 Say's phoebe, western wood pewee, west- 

 ern flycatcher, TrailPs flycatcher, desert 

 horned lark, dusky horned lark, black- 

 billed magpie, woodhouse jay, raven, 

 western crow, bobolink, cowbird, yellow- 

 headed blackbird, San Diego red-wing, 

 Nevada red-wing, western meadowlark, 

 Bullock's oriole, Brewer's blackbird, 

 house finch, green-backed goldfinch, 

 western vesper sparrow, western sa- 

 vanna sparrow, western grasshopper 

 sparrow, western lark sparrow, western 

 chipping sparrow, desert sparrow, sage 

 sparrow, mountain song sparrow, Ne- 

 vada towhee, black-headed grosbeak, 

 lazuli bunting, western tanager, purple 

 martin, cliff swallow, barn swallow, 

 white-rumped shrike, western warbling 

 vireo, yellow warbler, long-tailed chat, 

 sage thrasher, western mockingbird, 

 rock wren, canyon wren, western house 

 wren, lead-colored bush-tit, western 

 gnatcatcher, western robin, and western 

 bluebird. 



Breeding birds preferring a moist 

 habitat, generally near a stream or 

 swamp, include the following: spotted 

 sandpiper, long-billed curlew, snowy 

 plover, marsh hawk, belted kingfisher, 

 tree swallow, bank swallow, northern 

 violet-green swallow, rough-winged 

 swallow, western yellow-throat, and 

 western marsh wren. 



13. EASTERN (RIO GRANDE) SUCCULENT 

 DESERT BIOTA (TEXAS SUCCULENT 

 DESERT, SHREVE) (EASTERN DESERT 

 SCRUB, CLEMENTS) 



"A mixed stand of microphyllous 

 shrubs and succulent and semi-succulent 

 plants. The shrubs are either evergreen 

 (Cavilled) or deciduous (Acacia, Flour- 

 ensia). The stem-succulents comprise 

 many species of cacti, chiefly low in 

 growth; the commonest leaf-succulent is 

 lechuguilla (Agave lechuguilla) ; the semi- 

 succulents include sotol (Dasylirion 

 texanum), amole, andpalmilla (Yucca)." 

 For list of mammals see Texas account, 

 page 502. 



Breeding birds include the following: 

 killdeer, snowy plover, Texas bob-white, 

 Arizona scaled quail, western mourning 

 dove, white-winged dove, Mexican 

 ground dove, Inca dove, black vulture, 

 turkey vulture, white-tailed kite, Har- 

 ris' hawk, western red-tail, Texas red- 

 shouldered hawk, zone-tailed hawk, 

 Swainson's hawk, Mexican black hawk, 

 Mexican goshawk, prairie falcon, Aplo- 

 mado falcon, desert sparrow hawk, 

 Audubon's caracara, spotted owl, Sa- 

 haura screech owl, flammulated screech 

 owl, western horned owl, burrowing 

 owl, road-runner, California cuckoo, 

 Texas woodpecker, cactus woodpecker, 

 Stephens' poor-will, Texas nighthawk, 

 broad-tailed hummingbird, Cassin's king- 

 bird, ash-throated flycatcher, dwarf cow- 

 bird, Rio Grande meadowlark, thick- 

 billed red-wing, Scott's oriole, Bullock's 

 oriole, housefinch, Arkansas goldfinch 

 western lark sparrow, desert sparrow, 

 rufous-winged sparrow, Scott's sparrow, 

 Arizona pyrrhuloxia, western blue gros- 

 beak, varied bunting, barn swallow, 

 phainopepla, white-rumped shrike, black- 

 capped vireo, Stephens' vireo, least vireo, 

 Sonora yellow warbler, western yellow- 

 throat, long-tailed chat, western mock- 

 ingbird, curve-billed thrasher, crissal 

 thrasher, cactus wren, canyon wren, 

 Texas wren, Sennett's titmouse, verdin, 

 and plumbeous gnatcatcher. 



Breeding birds preferring a moist 

 habitat, generally near a stream or 



