E. PROVISIONAL TABLE OF LANDSCAPE ASPECTS AND LIFE 

 ZONE EQUIVALENTS 



BY E. A. GOLDMAN 



Mangrove Swamps (Tropical Zone as 

 a whole, but as mangrove swamps are 

 not dependent upon rainfall, they occur 

 within the arid or humid divisions of 

 the Lower Tropical section). 



Flood Plain Forest (low altitudes) 



Lower Tropical Zone. 

 Luxuriant Tropical Rain Forest 



Humid Lower Tropical Zone. 

 Drier Tropical Rain Forest Humid 



Lower Tropical Zone. 

 Montane or Cloud Forest Humid 

 Upper Tropical Zone. It includes 

 conifers and oaks in Central 

 America. 



Subalpine Evergreen Forest 

 Temperate Zone. (In Central 

 America.) 



Ecuador and British Honduras, rang- 

 ing in altitudes from 6000 to 7000 ft. in 

 the former country and to 1000 to 4000 

 ft. in the latter. 



The areas in British Honduras ex- 

 tending from 1000 to 4000 ft. altitude 

 would be within the Lower Tropical 

 Zone, associated with an immense num- 

 ber of tropical species. Areas at 6000 

 to 7000 ft. altitude in Ecuador would 



probably be assigned to Sub-tropical 

 or Upper Tropical. 



Partially Deciduous Forest Arid 

 Lower Tropical Zone. 



Deciduous Thorn Forest Arid 

 Lower Tropical Zone. In Mexico 

 and in Panama this can not satis- 

 factorily be separated from the 

 preceding, as the regions are 

 coastal plains crossed by streams; 

 and along the streams the vege- 

 tation may be only partially 

 deciduous, or near the water line 

 evergreen, while it is completely 

 deciduous away from the water. 



(Shrub) Desert Sonora and Lower 

 California. Lower Austral Zone. 



Semi Desert Lower Austral Zone. 



Extreme Desert Lower Austral 

 Zone. Desert District Vizcaino. 



Gallery Savanna Arid Lower Trop- 

 ical Zone. A mixture of mon- 

 soon forest and savanna. Arid 

 sometimes corresponds to the 

 Lower Tropical Zone. 



Grassland, Dry Grassland Arid 

 Lower Tropical Zone. 



Andine bushland Paramillos 

 Paramo Zone. 



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