NATURAL AREAS AND REGIONS 



313 



ties. One mi. south of Prout's Neck. 

 19. *Hogback and Birch Islands. 

 (B2.) Two small islands in Moosehead 

 Lake, with a small growth of trees, 

 chiefly pine; uninhabited by man. 

 Occupied by colonies of herring gulls 

 and numbers of ducks. Guarded as 

 above. 



Scarborough Salt Marshes. (B2.) 

 About 600 acres of typical salt marsh. 

 Vegetation chiefly thatch (Spartina 

 glabra), black grass (Juncus gerardi) 

 and various sedges. In the upper por- 

 tions of the Nonesuch Marsh there are 

 areas of wild rice (Zizania aquatica) and 

 other important plant communities. 

 Bitterns, green herons, red-winged 

 blackbirds, sharp-tailed sparrows and 

 probably many other birds breed. It 

 is a rendeyous for thousands of ducks 

 in the spring and autumn, and during 

 the open season is frequented by hunt- 

 ers. A part or all of this marsh should 

 be preserved as a reservation, as it is the 

 largest and most typical salt marsh 

 located on the Maine coast. Located 

 along the Scarborough and Nonesuch 

 rivers about 10 mi. south of Portland. 

 It is traversed by the Maine Central 

 Railroad, the nearest station being 

 Scarborough. A. 0. Gross. 



The Knox Arboretum. (H8.) ^ 60 acres 

 in a semi-natural state, consisting of 

 acres of open fields and 55 acres of forest, 

 containing about 700 varieties of trees, 

 shrubs and other plants, including many 

 rare species, which are being continually 

 added. Wild life, especially birds, pro- 

 tected. Bounded by unpolluted rivers, 

 their lower portions tidal, the St. George 

 on the south and west and the Oyster on 

 the east. The soils are sand and sandy 

 loam on the higher land, clay along the 

 rivers. Owned by the Knox Academy 

 of Arts and Sciences, Thomaston; two 

 mi. west of that place by electric rail- 

 way. /. A. Tolman. 



Owl's Head. (C3.) Tip of Owl's 

 Head peninsula, about 1700 acres owned 

 by the national government, the point 

 being occupied by a light house. The 

 shores are mostly ledges, and the inland 

 area is mostly wooded with spruce in a 

 semi-natural condition, although there 

 are some fields and open ground. The 

 area offers great possibilities as a bird 

 and mammal sanctuary. Located one 

 mi. from Owl's Head Postoffice (4 mi. (a) 

 from Rockland). /. A. Tolman. 



2. The interior 



Speckled Mountain Region. (B3.) 

 About 100 sq. mi. of the dissected and 



glaciated upland lying in an elbow of the 

 Androscoggin River, south of the Range- 

 ley Lakes. The country rock is com- 

 posed of crystalline schists injected 

 with granites. The topography of the 

 valleys is modified by deposits of glacial 

 gravels. Mountain streams and two 

 ponds occur in the region. Speckled 

 Mountain is about 4300 ft. high, and the 

 lowest altitude of the region is approxi- 

 mately 700 ft. The forests are mixed 

 deciduous and coniferous, representing 

 wild conditions. Where cut a second- 

 growth is appearing. Small mammals 

 are mostly characteristic of the conif- 

 erous forest. The region lies about 

 10 mi. northwest (a)** of Bethel, Maine, 

 which is on the Grand Trunk Railroad, 

 and where supplies may be obtained. 

 Manton Copeland and P. W. Meserve. 

 Mount Ktaadn. (B2.) Mount Ktaadn 

 Game Preserve and proposed state park. 

 About 90,000 acres located in the heart 

 of the northeastern coniferous forest. 

 Mount Ktaadn (5273 ft.) rises abruptly 

 from the lowlands. (See general ac- 

 count.) Located about 20 mi. west of 

 Staceyville, which is reached by the 

 Bangor and Aroostook Railroad. Trail 

 to the mountain from Staceyville by 

 way of Ktaadn Lake and Chimney 

 Pond. 



III. LITERATURE 



Many authors. 



1890-date. Entomological Papers from 



the Maine Agric. Exp. Sta. 

 Churchill, J. R. 



1901. A Botanical Excursion to Mt. 

 Katahdin. Rhodora. 3, 147- 

 165. 



Butcher, B. H. 



1903. Mammals of Mt. Katahdin, 

 Maine. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 

 XVI, 63-71. 

 Fernald, M. L. 



1892. The Portland Catalogue of 

 Maine Plants. Proc. Port. 

 Soc. N. H., II, 41-72 and suppl. 

 Hamlin, C. E. 



1881. Observations upon the Physical 

 Geography and Geology of 

 Mount Ktaadn and the Adja- 

 cent District. Bull. Mus. 

 Comp. Zool, VII, 189-223. 

 Harvey, L. H. 



1903. An Ecological Excursion to Mt. 



Ktaadn. Rhodora, 5, 41-52. 

 A Study of the Physiographic 

 Ecology of Mount Ktaadn, 

 Maine. Univ. of Me. Studies , 



Hill, A. F. ' 



1919. Vascular Flora of the Penobscot 

 Bay Region. Proc. Port. Soc. 

 N. H., Ill, 199-304. 



