440 



NATURALIST'S GUIDE TO THE AMERICAS 



1920 In Quest of Lost Cacti. Jour. 

 N. Y. Bot. Gard., 21: 161- 

 178. September, 1920. 



1920 A Botanical Excursion to the 



Big Cypress. Natural Hist., 

 20: 488-500. September and 

 October, 1920. 



1921 Reminiscences of Alvan Went- 



worth Chapman. Jour. N.Y. 

 Bot. Gar., 22: 1-12. Feb- 

 ruary, 1921. 



1921 Old Trails and New Discoveries. 

 Jour. N. Y. Bot. Gar., 22: 

 25-40, 49-64. February and 

 March, 1921. 



1921 Seminole Bread. Jour. N. Y. 

 Bot. Gar., 22: 121-137. 



1921 Historic Trails by Land and by 



Water. Jour. N. Y. Bot. Gar., 

 22: 193-222. November and 

 December, 1921. 



1922 Wild Pumpkins. Jour. N. Y. 



Bot. Gar., 23: 19-23. Feb- 

 ruary, 1922. 



1922 The Buccaneer Palm. Jour. 

 N. Y. Bot. Gar., 23: 61-70. 

 March, 1922. 



1922 Botanical Fountain of Youth. 

 Jour. N. Y. Bot. Gar., 23: 

 117-133, 139-155. September 

 and October, 1922. 



1922 The Blue Stem. Sabal Minor. 



Jour. N. Y. Bot. Gar., 23: 

 161-168. November, 1922. 



1923 Land of the Question Mark. 



Jour. N. Y. Bot. Gar., 23: 

 1-23, 25-43, 62-70. January, 

 February and March, 1923. 



1923 The Needle Palm. Jour. N. Y. 

 Bot. Gar., 23: 105-114. 



1923 The Cabbage tree Sabal Pal- 

 metto. 



1923 Ferns of Tropical Florida. 

 Illustrated. 



1923 Ferns of Royal Palm Hammock. 

 Illustrated. 



1923 Flora of Miami. 



1923 Florida Trees. 



1923 Flora of the Florida Keys. 



1923 Shrubs of Florida. 



1923 The Cape Sable Region of 



Florida. 

 Smith, Dr. Eugene A. 



Vol. 6. Tenth Census Reports. Nat- 

 ural and Agricultural Fea- 

 tures of the Cotton Belt. 

 Torrey, Bradford 



1894 A Florida Sketch-book. Hough- 

 ton, Mifflin & Co. 

 Wright and Bishop 



1915 A Biological Recognizance of 

 Okefinokee Swamp. II. 

 Snakes. Proc. Acad. of Nat. 

 Sd. 



9. ALABAMA^ 



BY R. M. HARPER, M. S. JOHNSON, AND 

 A. H. HOWELL 



I. PHYSIOGRAPHIC FEATURES AND 

 ORIGINAL BiOTA 2 (M. S. J.) 



TOPOGRAPHY 



The northern and northeastern portion 

 of Alabama, comprising altogether about 

 two-fifths of the state, is varied, hilly, 

 and in places mountainous; the remain- 

 der is comparatively smooth coastal 

 plain, which becomes lower and less 

 hilly toward the south. 



Across the north end of the state 

 extends the Cumberland Plateau, more 

 or less interrupted by rivers. Entering 

 from the northeast is the southern end 

 of the Appalachian Valley known here 

 as the Coosa Valley region, from the 

 principal river which drains it. In 

 general this region consists of parallel 

 ridges running in a northeast -south- 

 west direction, with broad valleys 

 between them; but in detail it is very 

 broken and irregular. In the Blue 

 Ridge, southeast of the Coosa Valley 

 region, is the highest mountain of the 

 state, Cheaha, with an elevation of 

 2400 ft. 



The Tennessee River cuts through the 

 Cumberland Plateau, draining part of 

 it in a westerly direction. The Chatta- 

 hoochee River, forming except in the 

 north the boundary between Alabama 

 and Georgia, drains the region near it. 

 The remainder of the state is drained 

 southwest into Mobile River and Bay 

 by the Tombigbee and Alabama Rivers 

 and their tributaries. In the northern 

 mountainous districts the rivers are 

 swift and the valleys are steep. In the 

 region of the coastal plain the valleys 

 slope more gradually, and in the south 

 the land is so nearly flat that the rivers 

 may be bordered for several miles by 



1 Where there was no cooperation between the 

 authors their names are given in the order of receipt 

 of their manuscripts and the parts written by each 

 are indicated in the body of the text. The mammal 

 lists were corrected by A. H. Howell, and the entire 

 paper read by H. P. Loding. 



2 1 am indebted to R. M. Harper for suggestions 

 and helpful criticism. M. S. J. 



