INDEX 



Equatorial climate, uniformity of, in all 



parts of the world, 230 



local diversities of, 231 

 Equatorial zone, temperature of, 219 

 heavens, aspect of, 234 

 forest-belt, cause of, 238 

 forests, general features of, 240 

 Equus, 164 

 Eroschema poweri, 66 

 Erycinidae mimic Heliconidse, 60 

 Erythroplatis corallifer, 66 

 Estrelda, sexual colouring and nidifi- 



cation of, 126 

 Eucnemidae, mimicking a Malaco- 



derm, 66 



Eudromias morinellus, 132 

 Eugenes fulgens, 319 

 Euglossa dimidiata, 69 

 Eumorphidae, a protected group, 52 



imitated by Longicorns, 65 

 Eunica and Siderone, resemblance of 



species of, 384 

 Euplsea midamus, 62, 79 

 E. rhadamanthus, 62 

 Euplcea, pale species of, in Moluccas 



and New Guinea, 384 

 Eurylsemidae, sexual colouring and 



nidification of, 126 

 Eustephanus, 324 

 Eustephanus galeritus, 326 

 Euterpe oleracea, 250 

 Evaporation and condensation, equal- 

 ising effects of, 229 

 Extinct animals, intermediate forms 



of, 164 

 Extinction of lower races, 177 



FEMALE birds, colours of, 80 



sometimes connected with their 



mode of nidification, 124 

 more exposed to enemies than the 



males, 130 



greater brilliancy of some, 379 

 Female butterflies generally dull- 

 coloured, 137 



Female insects, mimicry by, 78, 137 

 colours of, 80 



greater brilliancy of some, 372 

 Female sex, has no incapacity for as 

 brilliant coloration as the male, 129 

 in some groups requires more 

 protection than the male, 136 

 Ferns, 253 



Fiji islands, pale butterflies of, 385 



Fire-ants, 280 



Fishes, protective colouring of, 41 



causes of general coloration of, 



348 



Fissirostral birds, nests of, 123 

 Florida, ancient shell-mounds of, 436 

 Flowers, causes of colour in, 89 



comparative scarcity of, in equa- 

 torial forests, 263 

 and insects, 266 

 of temperate zones brilliantly 



coloured, 343 

 comparatively scarce in tropical 



forests, 344 



attractive colours of, 400 

 fertilised by insects, 400 

 attractive odours of, 402 

 when sweet not conspicuously 



coloured, 402 



attractive grouping of, 403 

 Alpine, why so beautiful, 403 

 why allied species differ in beauty, 



404 

 when wind-fertilised not coloured, 



404 



relation of colours of, to distribu- 

 tion, 405 

 and fruits, recent views as to 



action of light on, 406 

 of Auckland and Campbell's isles, 



bright coloured, 408 

 Flowering -trunks, probable cause of, 



244 



Flying-lizards, 303 



Foliage, two chief types of, in tropical 

 forests, 243 



colours of, 395 

 Foot of savages does not approach 



that of apes, 423 (note) 

 Forbes, Edward, objections to his 



theory of polarity, 13, 17 

 Force is probably all Will-force, 211 

 Forest-belt, cause of equatorial, 238 

 Forest-belts, temperate, 240 

 Forests, effect of, on rainfall and 

 drought, 231 



devastation caused by destruction 



of, 232 



equatorial, 240 

 undergrowth of tropical, 243 

 Forest-tree, section of a Bomean, 242 

 formed from climbers, 242 



