MARINE BIOLOGY ON THE PACIFIC COAST 

 Viva teem with animal life, and the bottom fauna 

 is rich in echinoderms, pennatulids, anemones, 

 Solenogastres, Amphineura, lamellibranchs, and 

 gastropods. Fine collecting grounds are to be 

 found near Willapa and Coos bays on the Oregon 

 Coast. 



The California coast offers attractive local col- 

 lecting grounds, often with less abundant but more 

 varied life. Cape Mendocino, Humboldt Bay, Shelter 

 Cove, and Point Arena share to some extent the 

 abundance of the north. Dillon's Beach above 

 Point Reyes, and Duxberry Reef at Bolinas, both 

 picturesque and interesting localities easily reached 

 from San Francisco, are noted for the sponges, 

 hydroids, and molluscs which the wrack of winter 

 storms brings ashore. Tomales Bay has rich mud 

 flats and near its outlet great beds of the rare and 

 curious worm Phoronis. 



San Francisco Bay itself by reason of its brack- 

 ish water, sewage, and industrial wastes, its re- 

 ceeding mud-flats and commercial development, 

 offers few attractive collecting grounds, and even 

 its planted oyster beds are rapidly declining. The 

 plankton of the bay is rich, and abounds in shrimps, 

 three species of Crangon, and the relatively large 

 llydromedusa Polyorchis, whose pearly globes, 

 1-1% inches in diameter, may be seen in great 

 swarms along the wharves at the surface of the 

 water on quiet afternoons. There are some shel- 

 tered nooks at the foot of the cliffs along the 

 Golden Gate accessible at low tide on occasional 

 quiet days in which there is a very rich and varied 

 assemblage of stalked barnacles (Pollicipes), Bryo- 

 zoa, hydroids, sponges, anemones, and occasional 

 echinoderms and devil-fish. The dredging on the 

 rocky and shelly bottoms of the Bay is locally rich 

 in Crustacea and molluscs, and the mud-bottoms, 

 which are widespread, are rich in annelids, nemer- 

 teans, opniurans, pennatulids, lamellibranchs, and 

 mud-loving gastropods. The fish markets of the 

 Italian and Chinese quarters in San Francisco have 

 many gastronomic treasures of the frutti di mare 

 which will interest both the biologist and epicure. 

 South of the Golden Gate the rocks and shelving 

 reefs at Mussel Rock and Moss Beach on the Ocean 

 Shore Railroad are easily accessible and rich in a 

 great variety of attached forms. 



The collecting grounds at Monterey, Pacific 

 Beach and Carmel are famous for their richness 

 and for the great variety of marine forms which 

 may be obtained. The tide pools accessible at low 

 tide at Point Lobos, near Pacific Beach and else- 



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