i8o 



NATURE STUDY AND LIFE 



METHODS BY WHICH DIFFERENT FRUITS ARE PROPAGATED 



DEWBERRIES . . . 

 BLACK RASPBERRIES 



WlNEBERRY , 



CHERRIES . 



CURRANTS . . 

 GOOSEBERRIES 

 GRAPES . 



MULBERRIES 



ORANGES . 

 LEMONS 

 PEACHES 

 NECTARINES 

 APRICOTS . 



PEARS . . 

 PLUMS . . 

 QUINCES 



From seeds of common apple, crab apple, or wild 

 crab, seedlings grafted or budded after one 

 season's growth. 



From underground runners and root cuttings, i.e., 

 pieces of roots three or four inches long will 

 form new plants. 



From root cuttings or by layering tips of canes. 

 In most varieties the layers form spontaneously; 

 a few need to have the tips of the canes covered 

 with earth. 



From seeds of mazard cherry for large trees, 

 and from seeds of mahaleb cherry for dwarf; 

 grafted or budded after first year's growth. In 

 severe climates morello, or the wild pin-cherry, 

 seeds are used to furnish a hardy root system. 



By cuttings of previous season's growth, by layers, 

 especially with the grape. 



From seeds, more often by cuttings of mature 

 wood. (Downing.) 



From orange or lemon seeds, seedlings grafted or 

 budded. 



I From seeds, seedlings budded in early fall of first 



season ; from plum seeds in cold climates. 



C From seeds of pear, grafted ; or from quince or 

 ^ thorn-apple seeds for dwarf trees. 



From seeds of plum or peach, budded. 



f From cuttings ; varieties difficult to root, grafted 

 ^ on cuttings of vigorous kinds. 



