294 VINE. 



other vegetables, from the regular seedsmen ; as the seed 

 farmers have opportunities of keeping the sorts distinct, 

 wliicA cannot be within the precincts of a walled garden.' 1 

 Lc udon. 



(j.ie, The common culinary uses of the turnip, 

 boiled, mashed, &c., are too well known to need any notice 

 We shall mention some uses not so common. 



" For feeding horses. These, when fed on turnips, art 

 induced to eat the barn-chaft', and other dry food, with 

 good ap^otite are kept healthy, and will work withon, 

 corn. 



" For facCing cows. To make sweet and well tasted T- 

 ter from the milk of cows fed on turnips, let the milk 

 sels be kept constantly clean and well scalded with 

 water, before u. ing. When the milk is brought into the 

 dairy, to every Ci^ht quarts mix one quart of boiling water , 

 then put up the aalk into the bowl to stand for cream. 



" As a substitute fir bread. When the dearness of all sorts 

 of corn occasioned many poor people in Essex [England] 

 to make bread of tu/uips, they took the peeled roots, and 

 boiled them in water till they were soft ; then, strongly 

 pressing out their juices, they mixed them with their weight 

 of wheat-meal ; and adding salt, yeast, and warm water, 

 they kneaded it up as other paste ; which, having lain a 

 little while to ferment, they ordered and baked as common 

 bread." Gleanings in Husbandry. 



VINE. Vitis. Many gentlemen in this neighbour- 

 hood have given considerable attention to the cultivation 

 of grapes in the open air upon open trellises, and some 

 have succeeded remarkably well, although they have had 

 to contend with the many difficulties which that delicate 

 and delicious fruit is subject to in this climate. 



Having given some personal attention to this fruit for 

 several years, I am satisfied that it can be raised in great 

 perfection, and with little trouble to the cultivator, if he set 

 out right in the first instance, and follow up the system 

 prescribed with attention and oare. 



Although -most men, who have any knowledge in horti- 

 culture, know more or- less respecting the mode of cultivat- 

 ing this plant, yet tlrere are many new beginners, who 

 may collect some hints from these notes, which may aid 

 them in the outset ; and many gentlemen, who have been 

 long in the habit of raising grapes in their gardens, may ob- 

 tain some information as to the means of preserving the 

 plants from the destructive insect which has of )*< yearn 



