LANDSCAPE GARDENS. 21 



The horse, the most noble of animals, and the ox, the most 

 useful, seem, under the guardianship of man, in some 

 measure, alike constituted. The horse and his rider trav- 

 erse the earth, from the burning deserts of Sahara to the 

 frozen regions of Siberia, and the boundaries of the Arctic 

 circle. 



SECTION II. OF MODERN OR LANDSCAPE GARDENS. 



In northern latitudes, the location of a garden should be, 

 if practicable, on the south side of a hill. Or it may be 

 screened on the cold quarters, either by hills, or by dense 

 and deep borders of evergreen and other forest trees, inter- 

 mixed with fruit trees and shrubs of ornament. Beauty 

 alone considered, an undulating surface is by all means to 

 be preferred, and water should not be wanting. 



The art of Modern Gardening is to form a landscape 

 the most beautiful. Nature having drawn the outline, art 

 must accomplish the rest ; art itself being subservient, or 

 so far concealed, as that all may appear the work of nature 

 alone. Walls and boundary fences should be demolished, 

 or as far as possible concealed. The ha-ha is a concealed 

 wall, constructed in the bottom of a dry ditch, and rising 

 no higher than the surface of the earth. Straight lines 

 and right-lined walks are to be avoided ; and in their stead 

 lines direct, or, by nature devious, are prefered, or the 

 gently-waving lines, which bring continual and agreeable 

 change. Striking and agreeable objects in the landscape, 

 whether near or more remote, should be brought frequently, 

 and sometimes suddenly, into open view ; while unpleasant 

 objects should, from all conspicuous points, be masked 

 from the sight, by shrubbery or by trees. To the hills an 

 artificial elevation may be given by planting their summits 

 with the stateliest trees. And depth is preserved to the 

 valleys by converting them to lawns. Views of water, it 

 must not be forgotten, are essential to the perfect land- 

 scape. 



The first garden, of which we have any account on 

 record, was planted by the Almighty "eastward in 

 Eden," and in it, every tree that was pleasant to the eye, 

 or useful for food. Out of Eden went a river, which wa- 

 tered the garden ; and from thence it was parted into four 

 heads: 1st. Pison, on the side of Havilah. 2d. Gihon, 



