20 



6. With the Kheta compare the Chatti referred to by Tacitus, and the 

 XfT-awi of Strabo. What is the origin of the name Hit on the Euphrates ? 

 [The Chatti, or Cacti, are said to have taken their name from " the old 

 German word cat or cad, ' war ' " : see Smith's Class. Die. 



The Kheta seem to owe their name to the word Kheth, an inclosure (fenced 

 or fortified), comp. the Egyptian JKhetam ; and Khatem, which is the ring 

 for the finger, in Heb. DDin. The well-known site, Sarbut el Khadem, in 

 the Sinaitic peninsula, owes its name (says Dr. Ebers) to the old Egyptian 

 fortress (Khetam) : Durch Gosen. 574. The archaic Hebrew, Phoenician, 

 and Moabite form of the letter n (Kheth) bears witness to its origin in the 

 ground-plan of a square fortress. 



Mr. Gladstone identifies the Kheta with the Keteioi of the Odyssey (Horn. 

 Synchr. 1 75), but I cannot answer for the Khettaioi of Strabo. H. G. T.J 



7. You remark (p. 11) that the names in Scripture may be Hebraized. I 

 suppose they have been, from Adam downwards, unless Hebrew may be 

 taken as a fair representative of the one primaeval language, an idea which 

 few would accept. 



[I cannot at all agree with this sweeping supposition, for I think that the 

 foregoing paper itself supplies many names alien to Hebrew which have been 

 little altered ; in some cases barely transliterated. H. G. T.] 



8. (p. 14). You refer to Sheshak. Compare the theory of Brugsch as to 

 the Assyrian origin of the name Shishak. 



9. Your remarks on animal names are very modest and cautious. Could 

 you not suggest a learned inquiry as to a totem system amongst ourselves ? 

 Think of the hundreds of animal names that we possess, such as Pigg, Hogg, 

 Wolf, Lyon, Deer, Sparrow, Bird, Nightingale, Partridge, Dove, Drake, 

 Wildgoose, Fish, Sprat, Pike, Carp, Herring, Mackrell, &c. &c. What a 

 mine for the investigator ! 



But, seriously, there is a very interesting question connected with animal 

 names, and having an important bearing on the history of language. Did 

 animals give names to attributes, or attributes to animals ? We read in 

 Gen. ii. 19 that God " brought the animals to Adam to see what he would 

 call them, and whatsoever Adam called any living creature that was the 

 name thereof." Turned into plain English, what does this mean ? is it tbsif, 

 there is a correlation between sight and sound, and that our first parent, by 

 a quickened instinct, was prompted to utter a distinct articulate sound 

 answering to the special features or peculiarities of each object presented to 

 his eye ? or is it that each object suggested some marked attribute and was 

 named after it ? Thus the question arises : Whence did Adam derive the 

 names of the attributes ? I am inclined to think the first alternative the 

 true one that animals and other sensible objects received names from Adam, 

 and that each name thus instinctively given originated the verbal, adjectival, 

 and other forms. It would be interesting to test this theory by an examina- 

 tion of the Accadian and other primaeval languages. Pardon the hastiness 

 of these annotations, and accept my thanks for your paper, and especially 

 for your suggestive remarks on the name Mary. 



