i8 2 NO STRUGGLE NO SELECTION 



The third point which invites remark is that 

 notwithstanding the fact that the labour market was 

 calling for proportionally decreasing additions to the 

 population, the natural increases did not show 

 a tendency to fall in a like ratio ; so that in the 

 decade 1884-93, while the labour market only called 

 for an increase of 4' 8 per cent., the natural increase 

 amounted to no less than 12'1 per cent. 



Thus we see that the birth-rate made'provision both 

 for the labour demand and for the emigration 

 demand. 



A fourth point is the rise of Swedish emigration 

 from the almost immaterial amount of 27,000 for the 

 ten years 1854-63, till it reached 332,000 for the 

 ten years 188493, equivalent to 7*3 per cent, of the 

 population. 



The decade 185463 was a period that seemed to 

 be one of unexampled prosperity, though in truth this 

 apparent prosperity was due to an inflated industrial 

 and commercial activity, fostered to a considerable 

 extent by the contemporaneous introduction of rail- 

 ways into the country. 



In these ten years the population increased by 12'4 

 per cent., a proportional increase which Sweden had 

 never before known, and to which she has never since 

 attained. The emigration during those years was, as 

 we have seen, on a very modest scale. In the three 

 decades that followed, the aggregate excess of emigra- 

 tion over immigration was equal to 47 per cent, of the 

 natural increase, and amounted to 730,000 persons. 



