ICERYA PUBCfiASI. 83 



in this way. Large trees must be either deprived of their 

 foliage or cut down to a few limbs. 



" Neither of these methods can be safely applied on 

 tender trees during a season when sharp frost may be 

 looked for. A spraying should, however, be done, as it 

 will check their spread most effectually. 



" Too great pains cannot be taken in removing infested 

 limbs,* as the insect spreads often in this way. A canvas 

 should be spread under the trees so that none of the insects 

 can escape. When the tree has been treated spread hot 

 ashes around its base, and apply tight-fitting bands 

 smeared with a greasy substance around the trunk to 

 prevent any insects reascending." W. G. KLEE, Inspector 

 of Fruit Trees.! 



Washes of Soft-soap in combination with Petroleum, 

 Paraffin, or other Mineral Oils. 



In the Eeport on Australian Bug, prepared by Prof. 

 E. Trimen, he mentions that "it might be worth while 

 to try one of the antidotes used against the Phi/lloxera in 

 France, viz., petroleum and water," &c. ; and since the 

 date of the Eeport the serviceableness of mineral oils as 

 insecticides, when so combined with soft-soap and water 

 that they may be diluted further as may be needed for 

 use without risk of the oil and water separating again, has 

 been strongly brought forward under the direction of 

 the Department of Agriculture of the United States, and 

 reported on at length by Prof. Eiley. 



The U. S. A. plan is to add one gallon of water, in 

 which a quarter of a pound of soft-soap (or any other 

 coarse soap preferred) has been well dissolved, boiling or 

 hot, to two gallons of petroleum or other mineral oil. 



* The point of spread of the pest being likely to be encouraged, rather 

 than checked, by infested boughs being removed without due care as to 

 what becomes of the dislodged and shaken- off insects, is so important 

 that I have given it in italics. ED. 



t Bulletin No. 4 of State Board of Horticulture of California. Winter 

 washes recommended by the State Inspector of Fruit Pests. Sacramento, 

 State Office, 1887. 



