90 AUBTKALIAN BUG. 



manifest that it is only by the most wholesale or broad 

 scale measures that anything can be done to check 

 attack, but (looking at the great variety of plants men- 

 tioned as liable to be infested by this pest from the 

 quantities creeping in the grass upwards) it is very plain 

 that there is no hope of stopping the spread of the pest 

 by the destruction of only a portion of its haunts, such 

 as fruit or timber trees, and that general measures are 

 greatly needed, and a careful watch to prevent attack 

 getting' hold. 



Amongst these the danger of transmission should in 

 every way be guarded against ; the processes of removal 

 of parts of trees which have been felled to get rid of 

 the Bug cannot be too often pointed out, as being 

 exceedingly likely to cause carriage also of the pest, 

 and likewise all plants received from doubtful localities 

 should be carefully investigated ; and no one with any 

 thought for the welfare of his neighbours should allow 

 the smallest plant with the " Bug " on it to be carried 

 from his grounds. 



But with regard to applications that maybe serviceable 

 for use against the Australian Bug (the Cottony Cushion- 

 Scale of North America), it would be equally pre- 

 sumptuous and unnecessary at this date to offer any 

 special suggestions on this subject, as in the Eeport of 

 the Commissioner of Agriculture of the United States, 

 before mentioned, it will be found in the observations 

 tendered by Prof. Riley, from Mr. D. W. Coquiilett, and 

 likewise from Mr. Albert Koebele, of Alameda, California, 

 that these points are minutely dealt with. 



In these observations are given as to effects, good or 

 bad, of caustic potash and caustic soda, hard soap, soft 

 soap, kerosene emulsions, tobacco, tobacco-soap, sheep- 

 dip, vinegar and Paris-green, bisulphide of carbon, resin- 

 soap, whale-oil, &c. ; and, besides methods of and 

 appliances for throwing the washes, and methods of 

 mixing or preparing the same, notes are given of little 

 less than 153 experiments tried by Mr. Albert Koebele, 

 with mention of material used, proportion of water 

 added, and the results of the application. 



