146 THE OAK 



On the Continent heavy oak is used in machines, for 

 axletrees, spokes, stamps of mills, anvil-stocks, hammer 

 handles, &c. 



Oak is much used for carving of all kinds, large 

 furniture, panelling, parquetry, for the felloes, spokes, 

 and axles of wheels, and for other parts of waggons, &c. 

 In cooperage it is much used for the staves, &c., of casks, 

 measures, sieves. 



Split oak makes excellent palings and shingles, and 

 oak vine-props are only second to those of chestnut. 

 Walking-sticks are also made of oak, and even water- 

 pipes have been used, but they taint the water. 



