38 OLD-FASHIONED GARDENING 



cultivation was abandoned in the first. There were 

 other fences, to be sure; an order of the General Court 

 in this same year required all living in that part of the 

 Colony to "rail, pale or fence" their tilled lands 

 which shows a recognition of three distinct kinds of 

 inclosure. 



But Mr. Whitaker, one of the leading planters, 

 "railed in" one hundred acres in 1621, as a protection 

 to the vines, grain and other crops which were growing, 

 or to grow, there. And from the ease with which rails 

 could be obtained, compared to the difficulty of se- 

 curing the less primitive materials needed for palings 

 or board fence, they would obviously be most often 

 chosen. "Enclosures of wonderful beauty they make, 

 too, with garlands of the wild morning-glory, the 

 honeysuckle, grape and Virginia creeper strewn every- 

 where upon them; and each recess crowded with its 

 clustering wild flowers. 



The first dwellings of even the most prominent and 

 wealthy planters were simple and plain in the extreme, 

 mostly built of wood and having only the necessary 

 rooms. What bricks were used seem to have been 

 altogether of local manufacture, yet, in spite of their 

 excellent brick clay and the ability to make bricks, the 

 first all-brick house, according to tradition, was Secre- 

 tary Kemp's, built at Jamestown in 1639. Governor 

 Berkeley built himself a brick house at Green Spring 



