OF BRITISH PLANTS. 101 



burdock, and to be so called from its involucres getting 

 entangled in wool and flax, and forming the lumps called 

 in old works hardes or herdes, which is explained by Bat- 

 man on Bartholomew (c. 160), as " what is called in Latin 

 stupa, and is the clensing (i.e. the refuse) of hempe and 

 flexe," the equivalent of Fr. bourre from L. burra ; as is 

 evident from a passage in the Romaunt of the Rose, where 

 Chaucer translates the phrase (1. 1233), 

 " Elle ne fut de hurras" 



by 



" That not of hempen herdes was." 



ffardock will therefore be exactly equivalent to Burdock. 



Arctium Lappa, L. 



HARE-BELL, a name to which there is no corresponding 

 one in other languages, in England assigned by most 

 writers to Campanula rotundifolia, L. 



in Scotland, and in some English works, including Parkin- 

 son's Paradise, to the bluebell, Scilla nutans, Sm. 



HARE'S-EAR, L. auricula leporis, from the shape of the 

 leaves, Bupleurum rotundifolium, L. 



and also Erysimum orientale, L. 



HARE'S-FOOT, Yr.pied de lievre, G. hasenfms, from its soft 

 downy heads of flowers, Trifoliuin arvense, L. 



HARE'S LETTUCE, from its name in Apuleius, Lactuca 

 leporina, called so, says he, because " when the hare is 

 fainting with heat, she recruits her strength with it : " or 

 as Anthony Askham says, " yf a hare eate of this herbe in 

 somer, when he is mad, he shal be hole." Topsell also 

 tells us in his Natural History, p. 209, that, " when Hares 

 are overcome with heat, they eat of an herb called Lactuca 

 leporina, that is the Hares-lettice, Hares-house, Hares- 

 palace; and there is no disease in this beast, the cure 

 whereof she does not seek for in this herb." 



Sonchus oleraceus, L. 



HARE'S PALACE, Fr. palais de lievre, L. palatium leporis, 



