II KALEIDOSCOPIC EVOLUTION 49 



words : " As soon as something or other in the original state, 

 in the original arrangement of the parts of the organism, is 

 changed, other parts also are set in motion, all arranges itself 

 into a new whole, becomes oj^ forms a new species," just 

 " as in a kaleidoscope, as soon as on turning it one particle 

 falls, the others also are disturbed and arrange themselves in 

 a new figure as it were recrystallise." l 



And these considerations, I added, also throw light on the 

 question of the absence of intermediate forms : in the forma- 

 tion of new species the animals have by no means necessarily 

 passed through all conceivable intermediate stages. 



These sentences also imply the assertion that through 

 correlation, in other words, through per saltum evolution, new 

 species can arise without the aid of selection, however much 

 the latter may facilitate the formation of the first new charac- 

 ter, as indeed was probably the case in the Axolotl. 



I need scarcely point out that this sudden evolution for 

 which I am arguing has nothing to do with the hypothesis of 

 sudden evolution brought forward by Kolliker. 



Kolliker, who has repeatedly argued in opposition to the 

 utility principle, to pure Darwinism, contends for the evolution 

 of forms from "internal causes" on the basis of a "general 

 law of evolution." In this evolution the ova even of the 

 higher and highest of now living animals play a special part 

 as the " original organisms " : it is supposed that the ova, or 

 the germ-cells of a given form, in consequence of an altered 

 mode of development due to internal causes, could give rise 

 to new forms. If the newly produced forms are widely 

 separated they belong to a new genus, family, or order; 

 if they are less different from one another, they are related 

 to one another as varieties and species. 



Further, according to Kolliker, there is reason to consider 



1 Variiren der Mauereidechse. 

 E 



