MENTAL FACULTIES 



their own species or of their foster-parents which they find 

 in the appropriated nests. They drop also many eggs on the 

 bare ground, which are thus wasted. But I should think 

 that the habits of this species perhaps indicate rather a de- 

 generation of the parasitic instinct than a higher development 

 of it in comparison with the preceding species. The bird 

 seems beginning to make less careful provision for its eggs. 

 A third species, the M. pecoris, behaves exactly like our 

 cuckoo. Now, it is an important fact in relation to my view 

 of the evolution of the cuckoo's instinct that the M. pecoris 

 also is polygamous, and this seems also true of M. badius. 

 Mr. Hudson says, according to Darwin, they live sometimes 

 quite promiscuously together, sometimes they pair. 



REASONING INSTINCTS 



The Bee as an Example of the Importance of acquired and 

 inherited Characters in the Modification of Forms 



I here adduce first a case which in many respects supports 

 my views in the most striking way, especially with regard to 

 the inheritance of mental characters, and with regard to the 

 great part which is played by correlation in the alteration 

 of the sexual organs. 



We know that in bees the asexual condition of the workers 

 is the result of insufficient nourishment in the larval state, 

 for within the first eight days of their life the larvae which 

 are destined to become workers can by better feeding by 

 the feeding which the queen -larvae receive be reared into 

 sexually-perfect queens, capable of reproduction. 



This is, be it said in passing, one of the most beautiful, 

 incontrovertible instances of the direct influence of external 

 conditions on the development of structure. 



Here also the workers possess a whole series of peculiar 

 characters of the body which are obviously correlated with 



