

62 PHARMACOPEIAL DRUGS 



particularly those of the skin, kidneys, and pulmonan r 

 mucous membrane." He records its value in rheuma, 

 tism, and italicizes the statement that "the more acute 

 the disease, the more prompt and decided will be the 

 action of the remedy." 



The Committee of the American Medical Associa- 

 tion, 1848, Dr. N. S. Davis, Chairman, reported that 

 the committee "uniformly found Macrotys to lessen 

 the frequency and force of the pulse, to soothe pain 

 and allay irritability." In a word, they held it to be 

 "the most purely sedative agent we possess, producing 

 its impression chiefly on the nervous system of organic 

 life." (See Drugs and Medicines of North America). 

 (389). 



CINCHONA 1 (Cinchona, Peruvian Bark) 



Official in every edition of the U. S. P., from 1820, following. 

 The species of cinchona official in 1910 are those derived from 

 Cinchona Ledgeriana, Cinchona Calisaya, and of hybrids of these 

 with other species of cinchona. Red cinchona is derived from 

 Cinchona succirubra, or of its hybrids. 



The Extra Pharmacopeia, Martindale and Westcott, Vol. I, 

 1920, describes the bark as follows: "The principal dried barks 

 used for the production of the salts of the cinchona alkaloids are: 

 red cinchona bark, from Cinchona succirubra; yellow cinchona 

 bark, obtained from Cinchona Calisaya containing upwards of 

 6% of alkaloids (half of which is quinine) ; pale cinchona bark 

 (crown or Loxa bark), from Cinchona officinalis (containing 5% 

 alkaloids, of which 3>% may be quinine); the bark of Cinchona 

 lancifolia, Mutis; Colombian bark (containing about 2% alka- 

 loids, of which only small proportion is quinine) ; and other spe- 

 cies of cinchona; that of certain species of Remijia may also be 

 used. The variety most used for making galenical preparations 

 is the cultivated red cinchona." 



Possibly never before, surely never since, has a 

 remedial agent of the vegetable world met vicissitudes 



' Descriptions of the trees yielding cinchona bark, together with the processes of the 

 natives in its collection, are most interesting. But to include in this article a section devoted 

 thereto is impracticable. The publications cited as authorities cover the ground to the 

 fullest extent. 



