ROSA GALLICA 273 



apparatus, was of the crudest. A copper-bottomed 

 still of tin, having a capacity of about fifty gallons, was 

 heated at its bottom by a direct, charcoal furnace. 

 From the top of the still, a tin pipe ran horizontally 

 along a rude trough about fifteen feet in length, filled 

 with very cold, running water, supplied in abundance 

 from the springs of Mt. Olympus, this being raised by 

 means of an undershot water wheel, about eight feet 

 in height and two feet in diameter, with paddles on the 

 extremities of the arms. To the ends of these paddles 

 were affixed tin cans, holding about a quart each. 

 These were submerged, successively, as the wheel 

 turned slowly, in a lower trough supplied with running 

 water, and on rising they poured their contents into 

 the upper trough, carrying the pipe from the still. The 

 vapor from the still was thus condensed, the rose oil 

 separating from the water of distillation, which was 

 used over and over, with fresh lots of rose petals. By 

 this rude process two kinds of rose oil were made by 

 the Turkish owner of the gardens, one from white, the 

 other from red roses, their colors being respectively a 

 light yellowish, and a reddish. The oil from each con- 

 gealed at ordinary temperatures. Specimens of the 

 oils then procured are yet in my possession, seemingly 

 as fragrant and as sweet as when first made. 



The use of the rose in confection form, in pharma- 

 copeial medicine, once very popular, has, with the ex- 

 ception of its employment in "blue mass," Massa Hy- 

 drargyrum, become nearly obsolete. In the "Arabian 

 Nights," (88), rose water is often mentioned. In Turk- 

 ish home life, it is employed as a refreshing perfume 

 after bathing. The wife and daughters of the writer, 

 in the summer of 1906, were entertained at the home 



