MNIOTILTIDAl THE AMERICAN WARBLERS. 129 



and Summer Yellow Warblers (Dendroica pennsylv anica and D. (estiva), 

 and is therefore very different from that of its Blue- winged Yellow 

 and Golden-winged congeners. 



Helminthophila celata (Say) 



ORANGE-CBOWNED WAEBLEK. 



Sylvia, celata SAY. Long's Exp. i, 1823, 169. NUTT. Man. i. 1832, 413. AUD. Orn. Slog. ii. 1834, 

 449. 



Vermivora celata NUTT. Man. 2d ed. 1840, 473. 



Hclinaia celata (part) AUD. Synop. 1839,69; B. Am. ii, 1841, 100. 



Helminthophaga celata (part) BATED, B. N. Am. 1858,257; Cat. N. A.m. B. 1859. No. 184; Re- 

 view. 1864, 176. COUES, Key. 1872. 95; Check List, 1873, No. 68; 2d ed. 1882, No. 107; B. N. W . 

 1874,52; B. Col. Val. 1878. 226.-B. B. & B. Hist. N. Am. B. I. 1874, 202, pi. 11. fig. 5.- 

 RIDGW. Norn. N. Am. B. 1881. No. 86. 



Hfllminthophila celata BIDGW. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vii, 1882, 54. 



HAB. Interior of North America, breeding in the Rocky Mountain region and north- 

 ward to the Yukon region of Alaska; in winter migrating through the Mississippi Valley 

 and westward to the Great Basin; very rare, during migrations, in Atlantic States. Winter- 

 ing along southern border of United States and in Mexico. (Replaced along Pacific coast, 

 from the Alaskan peninsula southward, by a brighter-colored race, H. celata lute.scens, and 

 in the South Atlantic States by the dark-colored H. celata obscura; the latter possibly 

 breeding in the higher Alleghanies. 



"Sp. CHAK. Above grayish olive-green, rather brighter on the rump. Beneath en- 

 tirely greenish yellowish-white, except a little whitish about the anus; the sides tinged 

 with grayish olivaceous. A concealed patch of pale orange-rufous on the crown, hid- 

 den by the grayish tips to the feathers. Eyelids and an obscure superciliary line yellow- 

 ish white, a dusky obscure streak through the eye. Inner webs of tail feathers broadly 

 edged with white. Female with little or none of the orange on the crown, and the white 

 edgings to inner webs of tail feathers. Young lacking the orange entirely, and with two 

 fulvous-whitish bands on the wing. Length, 4.70: wing, 2.25; tail. 2.00."* 



During the seasons of migration, this species is occasionally com- 

 mon, but some years appears to be very rare if not wanting alto- 

 gether. It possesses no special characteristic of habits or song, in 

 which respects it resembles the other members of the genus. The 

 writer found it a very abundant species during autumn in the 

 mountains of Nevada and Utah, and a rather common bird in the 

 higher woods of the Wahsatch Mountains, where it was breeding. 

 Its summer home extends far northward, even to the shores of the 

 Arctic seas, and it breeds abundantly throughout the Yukon Valley 

 in Alaska, quite to the shores of Norton Sound, and thence east- 

 ward to the McKenzie River district, from which region numerous 

 nests have been received at the National Museum. 



'Average of five adult males: wing, 2.50; tail. 2.04; culmen, .41; tarsus, .42. 

 Average of two adult females: wing, 2.34; tail, 1.98; culmen, .40; tarsus, .64. 



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