THE HOMEMADE ORCHESTRA 



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Then slide one of the wooden strips nearer the other, pluck the 

 string again, and you will find that the shorter the string, the 



higher the pitch of the 

 note it gives. If now 

 you lay a second heavier 

 string from the table leg 

 across the wooden strips 

 and stretch it by another 

 weight equal to that on 

 the first string, you will 

 find that the pitch of 

 the note emitted by the 

 heavier string is lower 

 than that from the lighter 

 one. Thus we learn that 

 when a string vibrates, 

 the note it emits is higher 

 in proportion as the 

 string is short, taut, and 

 of small caliber. There- 

 fore the strings on the 

 bass viol are long and 

 heavy, those on the cello 



FIG. i68.-A cello and a violin. (Photo are of medium length 

 by Lyon and Healy.) and caliber, those on the 



violin are short and of small diameter. In each instrument the 



