GENERAL PLANNING OF A PARK SYSTEM 41 



While the primary function is the same, the difference between a boule- 

 vard and a parkway may be denned as follows: a boulevard is a glorified 

 street or roadway embellished, as a general rule, on either side, in the center, 

 or both on the sides and in the center, by strips of lawn, shrubs or trees. 

 A parkway is likewise a roadway, but distinguished by areas on either side 

 of the roadway bed, of sufficient depth to give a parklike appearance to the 

 entire parkway area. A parkway may perhaps be more truly defined as an 

 attenuated park with a roadway through it, or along the side of it. 



The primary functions of both boulevards and parkways are to serve 

 as ready means of access to the various larger units of the park system 

 from different parts of the city and from one large unit to another; to 

 facilitate the movement of the people out of and into the city and to pro- 

 vide a pleasurable medium for that form of recreation known as motoring. 

 Parkways may also include as a primary function provisions for hiking and 

 horseback riding. Boulevards and parkways serve as air lanes in cities, adorn 

 sections of cities through which they pass, often serve as mediums for the 

 redemption of unsightly areas, especially in the vicinity of streams. and 

 low grounds, and enhance values of properties adjacent to their courses. 

 The widened areas of parkways often serve as children's playgrounds, 

 neighborhood parks and neighborhood playfield areas. All these may be con- 

 sidered secondary functions, notwithstanding the importance of each one. 



It is practically impossible to state any standards as to the number 

 of miles of boulevards and parkways that any city of a given size should 

 have or the number of acres that should b.e included in them. In point of 

 fact, there are many so-called boulevards in park systems of this country 

 that might better be classed as a part of the general street systems, so 

 far as there being any difference between them and other particularly fine 

 streets. Their status is different in that as boulevards it is possible to 

 regulate or prohibit entirely their use by commercial traffic, thus making 

 them more desirable residence streets. In the last analysis, however, any 

 boulevard that has merely been made a boulevard by ordinance is prac- 

 tically subject to the legal status of a street. Parkways, on the other hand, 

 have the status of parks and cannot be interfered with except by action 

 of the entire body of citizens. 



VI. AREAS DEVOTED TO SPECIFIC EDUCATIONAL-RECREATIONAL PURPOSES, 

 IN WHICH LANDSCAPING is A PROMINENT FEATURE 



There are certain types of areas which because of their peculiar func- 

 tions cannot strictly be classed with any of the other more common types 

 mentioned, although these areas may be included in other types of park 

 areas, especially large parks. Among these areas are the following: 



