158 PARKS 



these, the "rough," which is somewhat of a hazard, is made up of patches 

 of uncut grass and sections of uneven ground, that are located on either 

 side of the "fair-green" and generally for a considerable distance in front 

 of the tee. The purpose of the "rough" is to penalize the shot that is too 

 short or off direction. 



Although hazards are not technically considered as part of the " through- 

 the-green," yet they do lie within it, and can be discussed conveniently at 

 this point. Hazards are introduced for the purpose of adding zest to the 

 game, by interfering with the course of the ball from poorly played shots. 

 They may be either natural or artificial in character. They may take the 

 form of a bunker (which is a mound of earth or an embankment), of a sand 

 trap, pond, stream, marsh, road, fence or tree. There is apparently no well- 

 defined practice when it comes to the location of these. The most important 

 thing to remember is that they should not occur in such positions as to 

 catch good plays. They should be so placed that they are not a monoto- 

 nous repetition of similar positions over the course. They should be 

 introduced not further than one hundred and fifty yards from the tee 

 because, so placed, they constitute a penalty that is too severe, and give 

 the advantage only to the very long driver. They should never be more 

 than ten or twenty yards from the direct line to the hole, because bunkers 

 off the fairway are not likely to be interesting. 



The location of hazards around greens is an important consideration, 

 because greens that are guarded by bunkers of one kind or another are 

 made more difficult and interesting since they compel pitch shots upon the 



PLATE No. 64 



A COMBINED GOLF CLUBHOUSE AND PARK SERVICE BUILDING, CREDIT ISLAND PARK, 



DAVENPORT, IOWA 



