DESIGN OF PARK AND RECREATION AREAS 171 



(c) Topographical plan. No formal or semi-formal layout is followed 

 in this plan, with the possible exception that the living quarters are grouped 

 in one area of the site but scattered here and there in conformity to the 

 peculiarities of the topography. Other structures will likewise be placed in 

 conformity to topographical conditions. Very picturesque landscape effects 

 may be produced by this plan. (See Plate 70, page 169.) 



3. Location of Kitchen and Dining Hall. In general these structures 

 should be located at least one hundred to one hundred and fifty feet 

 distant from the sleeping quarters, and at least two hundred feet from the 

 latrines or toilets, unless the latter are of the most modern type. 



4. Location of Outside Latrines or Toilets. These should be located 

 preferably to the rear, or to the right or left of the sleeping quarters and at 

 least from seventy-five to one hundred feet from them. 



5. Location of Cesspools, Septic Tanks and Toilets in Relation to the 

 Water Areas. No cesspool, septic tank or privy toilet should be placed 

 closer than one hundred feet to water areas used for domestic purposes 

 and swimming, and a greater distance is desirable, especially if the subsoil 

 be of limestone or other open formation. These facilities should always be 

 located below the source of water supply for drinking and washing purposes, 

 or at such a distance as to prevent any possible contamination. 



6. Location of Wells and Springs. If possible the areas occupied by 

 dwellings and all service facilities should be laid out below wells and springs 

 which are the source of the water supply. The same principle should hold 

 if the water supply is drawn from a running stream. In that case care 

 should be taken to ascertain whether there are possible sources of con- 

 tamination on the higher reaches of the stream. A knowledge of the geo- 

 logical formation of the camp site is extremely important in determining 

 the relative position of the water supply and the various structures of the 

 camp and especially of the various facilities used for the disposal of sewage. 



7. Location of Barn, Stable or Corral. Any structure or pen used for 

 housing or confining livestock of any kind should be located at least six 

 hundred to eight hundred feet from the sites occupied by the housing units 

 and the kitchen and dining room. 



VERY SMALL OVALS, TRIANGLES, CIRCLES, TRAFEZOIDS, SQUARES 



The primary function of these areas, if they can be said to have any 

 special function, is to adorn the vicinity in which they are located, and 

 when numerous enough throughout a city, their ensemble effect is to adorn 

 the city as a whole. Since they are too small to use effectively for any form 

 of recreation, either active or passive, except occasionally as resting points, 

 the problem of their treatment is entirely a landscape one. Such landscape 



